Animal Physiology, Fourth Edition, presents all the branches of modern animal physiology with a strong emphasis on integration of physiological knowledge, ecology, and evolutionary biology. Integration extends from genes to organ systems and from one physiological discipline to another. The book takes an entirely fresh approach to each topic. Its full-color illustrations include many novel, visually-effective features to help students learn. Each of the twenty-five main chapters starts with an animal example to engage student interest and demonstrate the value of the material that will be learned. The book includes five additional, briefer "At Work" chapters that apply students' newfound physiological knowledge to curiosity-provoking and important topics, including diving by marine mammals, the mechanisms of navigation, and muscle plasticity in use and disuse.

The book is committed to a comparative approach throughout. Whereas mammalian physiology is consistently treated in depth, emphasis is also given to the other vertebrate groups, arthropods, and molluscs. Concepts and integrative themes are emphasized while giving students the specifics they need.

The whole animal is the principal focus of this book. The book's extensive coverage of genomics and cellular-molecular biology is therefore carefully linked to whole-animal biology. With this edition, coverage of physiologically relevant genomics has been greatly expanded. The subject matter of animal physiology is also linked to topics in human affairs, such as athletic training and global warming. Always, the central organizing principle for the array of topics presented is to understand whole animals in the environments where they live.

Complex principles are developed clearly using classroom-tested pedagogy, often with carefully designed conceptual illustrations. Concepts from chemistry, physics, and mathematics are explained so that the book will be accessible to science students at the sophomore or higher level. Pedagogical aids include embedded summaries throughout chapters, study questions (with online answers), partially annotated reference lists, an extensive glossary, ten appendices (covering logarithms, phylogenetically independent contrasts, basic physics terms, etc.), and an upgraded index. Carefully worded balloons are used extensively to guide students through the interpretation of figures. For all three authors, teaching physiology to undergraduate students has been a lifelong priority.

RESOURCES

For Students

The Animal Physiology Companion Website includes content that expands on the coverage in the textbook as well as study and review resources for students.

*Chapter Outlines & Summaries provide quick overviews and reviews of each chapter
*Box Extensions expand on topics introduced in the textbook and cover important additional conceptual material
*Online Quizzes cover key material in each chapter. These can be assigned by the instructor or used as self-quizzes.
*Flashcards help students learn and review the many new terms introduced in the textbook
*Glossary

For Instructors (available to qualified adopters)


The Animal Physiology, Fourth Edition Instructor's Resource Library (IRL) contains a wealth of resources for use in lecture development and assessment. Contents include:

Presentation Resources
*Figures & Tables: All of the textbook's figures (both line art and photographs) are provided as JPEG files at two sizes: high-resolution (excellent for use in PowerPoint) and low-resolution (ideal for web pages and other uses). All the artwork has been reformatted and optimized for exceptional image quality when projected in class.
*Unlabeled Figures: Unlabeled versions of all figures are provided

PowerPoint Presentations:
*Figures & Tables: Includes all the figures and tables from the chapter, making it easy to insert any figure into an existing presentation
*Layered Art PowerPoints: Selected key figures throughout the textbook are prepared as step-by-step and animated presentations that build the figure one piece at a time

The Test Bank consists of a broad range of questions covering the key facts and concepts in each chapter. Both multiple-choice and short-answer questions are provided. The Test Bank also includes the Companion Website online quiz questions.

The Computerized Test Bank is provided in the Diploma exam-creation program (software included). Diploma makes it easy to assemble quizzes and exams from any combination of publisher-provided questions and instructor-created questions. In addition, quizzes and exams can be exported to many different course management systems, such as Blackboard, WebCT, and Moodle.

Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions

Richard W. Hill is Professor in the Department of Integrative Biology at Michigan State University and a frequent Guest Investigator at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. He received his Ph.D. in Zoology from the University of Michigan. Apart from the multiple editions of Animal Physiology, Dr. Hill is a coauthor of Principles of Life, Second Edition, and has authored two other books on animal physiology, as well as numerous articles for scientific journals, encyclopedias, and edited volumes. Among the awards he has received are the Outstanding Faculty Award (Michigan State University Senior Class Council) and election as Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was a U.S. Senior Fulbright Scholar from 2000-2001. His research interests include: temperature regulation and energetics in birds and mammals, especially neonates; and environmental physiology of marine tertiary sulfonium and quaternary ammonium compounds, especially in the contexts of biogeochemistry and animal-algal symbioses.

Gordon A. Wyse is Professor of Biology Emeritus and Lecturer at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. He completed his Ph.D. at the University of Michigan, then did postdoctoral and sabbatical work at Stanford University and Harvard Medical School. Dr. Wyse helped found the graduate program in Neuroscience and Behavior at UMass Amherst. He has served as Associate Dean of the College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, and on the Editorial Board of Advances in Physiology Education. His research interests include the neural control of feeding behavior and other behavior patterns.

Margaret Anderson is Professor Emerita of Biological Sciences at Smith College. After completing her Ph.D. at Stanford University, she undertook postdoctoral studies at the Universidad Católica de Chile, Harvard University, and the University of Puerto Rico. At Smith, Dr. Anderson served as an Academic Dean, Director of the Program in Neuroscience, and premedical advisor. She is one of six founding members of the Consortium of Medical Schools and Women's Colleges, and she contributes to several efforts that encourage women and minorities in the sciences. Her research interests include the functional properties of excitable cells.

PART I. FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSIOLOGY
1. Animals and Environments: Function on the Ecological Stage
2. Molecules and Cells in Animal Physiology
3. Genomics, Proteomics, and Related Approaches to Physiology
4. Physiological Development and Epigenetics
5. Transport of Solutes and Water
PART II. FOOD, ENERGY, AND TEMPERATURE
6. Nutrition, Feeding, and Digestion
7. Energy Metabolism
8. Aerobic and Anaerobic Forms of Metabolism
9. The Energetics of Aerobic Activity
10. Thermal Relations
11. Food, Energy, and Temperature at Work: The Lives of Mammals in Frigid Places
PART III. INTEGRATING SYSTEMS
12. Neurons
13. Synapses
14. Sensory Processes
15. Nervous System Organization and Biological Clocks
16. Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Physiology
17. Reproduction
18. Integrating Systems at Work: Animal Navigation
PART IV. MOVEMENT AND MUSCLE
19. Control of Movement: The Motor Bases of Animal Behavior
20. Muscle
21. Movement and Muscle at Work: Plasticity in Response to Use and Disuse
PART V. OXYGEN, CARBON DIOXIDE, AND INTERNAL TRANSPORT
22. Introduction to Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Physiology
23. External Respiration: The Physiology of Breathing
24. Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Body Fluids (with an Introduction to Acid-Base Physiology)
25. Circulation
26. Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Internal Transport at Work: Diving by Marine Mammals
PART VI. WATER, SALTS, AND EXCRETION
27. Water and Salt Physiology: Introduction and Mechanisms
28. Water and Salt Physiology of Animals in Their Environments
29. Kidneys and Excretion (with Notes on Nitrogen Excretion)
30. Water, Salts, and Excretion at Work: Mammals of Deserts and Dry Savannas