Basics of Process Mapping, 2nd Edition

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Edition: 2nd
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2010-01-01
Publisher(s): Productivity Pr
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Summary

Since the benchmark first edition of this volume, many more organizations have become familiar with and are using systematic improvement approaches such as Six Sigma, Lean, the Capability Maturity Model Integrated (CMMI®), and the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). Thoroughly revised and updated to keep pace with new developments, this text explains how process maps (and the processes they depict) are often the foundation for all four of these approaches. The book compares and contrasts process maps with Value Stream Maps and provides guidelines as to when each may be appropriate. It also adds new chapters on process thinking, tools to make work visible, system maps, and SIPOC diagrams.

Table of Contents

Overviewp. 1
Why I Wrote the Basics of Process Mappingp. 1
Key Features of Each Map: A Preview of What's Comingp. 3
What Constitutes a "Key" Feature?p. 3
What Is a Relationship Map? Key Features of Relationship Mapsp. 4
What Is a Cross-Functional Process Map or Swimlane Diagram?p. 6
Key Features of Cross-Functional Process Mapsp. 6
What Is a Flowchart?p. 8
Key Features of Flowchartsp. 8
Three Views of the Same Workp. 8
Introduction to PhilÆs Quick Lubep. 8
Overview of an Oil Change Work Sequencep. 10
Organization View of Oil Changep. 12
Workflow View of Oil Changep. 14
Activity View of Oil Changep. 16
Thinking about Workp. 21
Overviewp. 21
What Is Work?p. 22
Why (How We Define Work) Mattersp. 22
What Is a Work Component?p. 22
Examples of Work Componentsp. 23
Why Work Components Matterp. 24
What Is a Work Boundary?p. 24
Example of Selected Work Boundariesp. 24
Why Work Boundaries Matterp. 25
What Is a Work Feature?p. 25
Example of Work Featuresp. 25
Why Features Matterp. 25
What Is Work Property?p. 25
Example of Selected Work Propertiesp. 26
Why Work Properties Matterp. 26
(Process) Maps Are Models ofWorkp. 26
What Is (Work Viewed as) a Process?p. 26
What Is (Work Viewed as) a Workflow?p. 27
What Is "Flow?"p. 28
What Is (Work Viewed as) a Value Stream?p. 28
Some Assumptions Regarding Workp. 28
Why Map a Process?p. 31
Overviewp. 31
Why Map a Process?p. 31
Reasons to Map a Process (Part 1)p. 32
Reasons to Map a Process (Part 2)p. 33
How Do the Two Lists of Reasons Compare?p. 33
What Is a Model?p. 34
Why Create a Model of Work?p. 34
(Process) Maps as Models of Workp. 35
The Map Is Not the Territory (It Is a Model of the Territory)p. 36
New Types of Maps May Come and Go, but the Work They
Represent Will Remainp. 37
Relationship Mapsp. 39
What Is a Relationship Map?p. 39
Why Use This Type of Map?p. 39
How to Create a Relationship Mapp. 42
Order to Delivery ("Why the Business Is Here")p. 42
How Does This Part "Fit in?" ("You Are Here")p. 42
Relationship Map Interviewp. 65
Overviewp. 65
Interviewp. 65
Interpreting Relationship Mapsp. 67
Interpreting the Relationship Map View of PhilÆs Quick Lubep. 68
Cross-Functional Process Map (aka Swimlane Diagram)p. 73
What Is a Cross-Functional Process Map or Swimlane Diagram?p. 73
Why Use This Type of Map?p. 75
A Closer Look at a Swimlanep. 76
Mapping Conventionsp. 76
How to Create a Cross-Functional Process Mapp. 82
Cross-Functional Process Map Interviewp. 86
Overview 86
Script 86
Interpreting Cross-Functional Process Mapsp. 88
Interpreting the Cross-Functional Process Map of Phil's Quick Lubep. 90
Flowchartp. 93
What Is a Flowchart?p. 93
Why Use This Type of Map?p. 95
How to Create a Flowchartp. 95
Flowchartp. 99
Overviewp. 99
Interpreting Flowchartsp. 103
Interpreting the Flowchart for Activity 2p. 103
Seven Principles to Improve Flowp. 105
Overviewp. 105
Background of the Engagementp. 108
Purpose of the Engagementp. 108
Improvement Goal (for the "Funding Document Process")p. 108
Improvement Team's Summary Resultsp. 108
How Work Is Organizedp. 109
Work Done at Headquartersp. 109
Work Done in the Fieldp. 110
Improvement Project Team (Team)110
What Is a Funding Document?p. 110
Commercial Equivalentp. 110
The Significance of a "Serial" Workflow and "Handoffs"p. 11
Key Features of a Serial Workflowp. 111
Features of the Funding Document Workflowp. 111
Components and Features of Knowledge Work Handoffsp. 113
Information Inputsp. 114
Information Technology (IT) Systemsp. 114
The Knowledge Workerp. 115
What Is "Flow?"p. 116
Seven Principles to Improve the Flow of Knowledge Workp. 117
Seven Principles for Improving Flowp. 117
Improve Flow from the Outside Inp. 117
What the Team Learned from the "Outside In"
Principle (1)p. 118
Measure What Matters to the Customerp. 119
What the Team Learned from the "Measure What Matters" Principle (2)p. 120
Make the End-to-End Flow Visiblep. 124
What the Team Learned from the "Make the Flow
Visible" Principle (3)p. 124
Identify and Remove Barriers to Flowp. 127
What Is Waste?p. 127
What Is a Barrier to Flow?p. 128
What the Team Learned from the "Remove Barriers to Flow" Principle (4)p. 131
"The 0.05 to 5 Rule"p. 132
The 0.05 to 5 Rule Applied to the Funding Document
Processp. 132
Barriers to Flow the Team Identifiedp. 133
Problematic Components and Features of Knowledge Workp. 133
Problematic Features of Workflow Designp. 133
Team's Selected Findings Due to Workflow Designp. 134
Problematic Features of Information Systemsp. 134
Team's Selected Findings Due to Information Systemsp. 135
Problematic Features of Motivation and Measurementp. 135
Team's Selected Findings Due to Motivation and Measurementp. 136
Problematic Features of Human Resourcesp. 136
Teams Selected Findings Due to Human Resourcesp. 136
Problematic Features of Policies and Rulesp. 137
Team's Selected Findings Due to Policies and Rulesp. 137
Problematic Features of Facilitiesp. 137
Team's Selected Findings Due to Facilitiesp. 138
What the Team Learned from the "Remove Barriers to Flow"p. 138
What is a Countermeasure?p. 139
Connect and Align Value-Creating Work Activitiesp. 139
What the Team Learned from the "Connect Value Creating Activities" Principle (5)p. 140
Organize around the End-To-End Flowp. 141
What the Team Learned from the "Organize Around Flow" Principle (6)p. 142
Manage the Flow Visuallyp. 143
What the Team Learned from the "Manage Visually" Principle (7)p. 143
Appendixp. 145
Overview of Chapter Contentp. 145
Five Methodsp. 145
Self-Generatep. 145
One-on-One Interviewsp. 146
Group Facilitationp. 146
Content (Document) Reviewp. 147
Observationp. 147
Guidelines for a Mapping Work Sessionp. 148
Before Beginning the Mapping Work Sessionp. 148
Provide a Clear and Compelling Goal for Creating the Map148
Select the Right People to Get in the Room (the Natural Work Group)148
Provide Handouts Showing Naming Conventions and Example Action Verbsp. 148
Provide "Just in Time" Learningp. 149
Always Walk the Processp. 149
Establish Ground Rules Up-Front and Post Them on a Flipchanp. 149
Use a Room Large Enough so That People Can Easily Move Aroundp. 149
Keep a Kit of Supplies Handy, Include Plenty of "Wall" Paper to Write onp. 149
Use the Natural Workgroup, along with the Observation and Group Facilitation Methodsp. 150
During the Mapping Work Sessionp. 150
Use "Sticky Notes" to Generate Initial Activities, Etcp. 150
Arrange the Sticky Notes into an Initial Layout of the Processp. 150
Make Multiple Passes through the Work Sequence as Needed, in Light of the Goal for Creating the Mapp. 150
Keep a Steady Pace, Monitor Participation and Group Dynamicsp. 150
After the Mapping Work Session is Completedp. 151
Document the Mapp. 151
How to Create a Relationship Mapp. 152
How to Create a Cross-Functional Process Mapp. 162
Indexp. 169
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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