Coping With Trauma

by
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 1999-06-01
Publisher(s): Amer Psychiatric Pub Inc
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Summary

A highly comprehensive, readable summary of current professional knowl edge for helping individuals who are struggling to cope with the direc t effects of trauma. Mental health professionals who work with people with a history of trauma will find it to be a useful digest of curren t knowledge that they can share with their patients.

Table of Contents

Preface xv
The Plan of This Book xvi
Acknowledgments xix
Part I: Foundations
Trauma
3(14)
Trauma Happens
4(1)
Types of Trauma
5(2)
Varieties of Man-Made Trauma
7(6)
Severity of Trauma
13(1)
The Eye of the Beholder
14(1)
Not All Symptoms Come From Trauma
15(1)
Not All Trauma Leads to Symptoms
16(1)
Development
17(18)
Derailed Development
18(3)
Complex Effects and Vicious Circles
21(1)
Rerailed Development
22(1)
Before the Cradle
23(1)
Trauma and the Nervous System
23(12)
Part II: Effects of Trauma
Attachment
35(14)
The Foundation of Development
36(1)
The Secure Base
37(1)
The Strange Situation
38(1)
Secure Attachment
39(1)
Insecure Attachment
39(2)
Disorganized Attachment
41(1)
Reciprocity and Vicious Circles
42(1)
Attachment Beyond Infancy
43(1)
Disruption of Attachment by Trauma
44(2)
Attachment and Regulation of Arousal
46(1)
Restoring Security
47(2)
Emotion
49(24)
Anxiety, Fear, and Panic
51(2)
Anger and Aggression
53(6)
Shame and Guilt
59(2)
Depression
61(3)
Temperament and Personality
64(2)
Establishing Emotional Control
66(7)
Consciousness
73(16)
Escaping the Inescapable
73(2)
Shades of Consciousness
75(2)
Self-Consciousness
77(1)
Unconscious, Conscious, and Subconscious
78(3)
Dissociation as a Blessing and a Curse
81(4)
The Process of Dissociation
85(2)
Back to Reality
87(2)
Memory
89(38)
Intrusive Memories
89(5)
Memory or Fantasy?
94(2)
The Pendulum Swings
96(4)
How Accurate Is Autobiographical Memory?
100(3)
Reasons for Traumatic Memories to Be Clouded
103(4)
Amnesia
107(3)
Memory Versus Fantasy: A Current Perspective
110(9)
Remembering in Therapy
119(8)
Self
127(22)
Aspects of the Self
128(2)
Self-Continuity
130(5)
Self-Concept
135(3)
Self-Destructiveness
138(5)
Restoring Self-Esteem
143(6)
Relationships
149(20)
Repetition of Trauma in Relationships
150(1)
Relationship Models
151(3)
Traumatic Bonding
154(4)
Problematic Models
158(4)
Problematic Patterns
162(1)
Developing New Models
163(2)
Self-Dependence
165(4)
Part III: Trauma-Related Psychiatric Disorders
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
169(22)
A Brief History
170(1)
Prevalence
171(1)
Hyperarousal
172(1)
Reexperiencing
173(5)
Avoidance and Numbing
178(2)
Variations in Course
180(1)
Complex PTSD
181(2)
What Causes PTSD?
183(5)
Treatment
188(3)
Dissociative Disorders
191(24)
The Spectrum of Dissociation
192(1)
Depersonalization Disorder
193(2)
Dissociative Amnesia and Fugue
195(1)
Dissociative Identity Disorder
195(11)
Responsibility for Dissociative Behavior
206(2)
Achieving Continuity and Integration
208(7)
Other Disorders
215(20)
Anxiety Disorders
216(2)
Depressive Disorders
218(1)
Substance Abuse
219(1)
Somatization Disorder
220(2)
Sexual Dysfunction
222(3)
Eating Disorders
225(2)
Borderline Personality Disorder
227(3)
The Perils of Labeling
230(5)
Part IV: Treatment
Treatment Approaches
235(32)
Safety First
236(1)
Individual Psychotherapy
237(9)
Cognitive-Behavior Therapy
246(3)
Group Psychotherapy
249(2)
Family Intervention
251(5)
Medication
256(6)
Hospital Treatment
262(3)
Continuum of Care
265(2)
Self-Regulation
267(32)
Simple but Difficult
268(2)
Positive Emotions
270(9)
Methods of Self-Regulation
279(17)
Putting It All Together
296(3)
Conclusions
299(12)
Trauma Happens
299(1)
Trauma Is One Factor Among Many
300(1)
Understand Your Brain and Be Gentle on Your Mind
301(1)
Safety Rests on a Secure Base
302(1)
Emotions Are Adaptive
302(1)
Dissociation Is a Blessing and a Curse
303(1)
Your Autobiography Is a Continual Construction
303(1)
Your Self-Concept Is a Compass
304(1)
Outdated Relationship Models Can Be Put on Unemployment
305(1)
Avoid Retraumatization
305(1)
Dissociation Diminishes With Self-Expansion
306(1)
Focus on Trauma Should Not Obscure Other Problems
307(1)
The Goal of Treatment Is to Improve the Quality of Life
307(1)
Care for Yourself and Your Nervous System
308(1)
Beyond Fight or Flight
308(3)
Appendix: The Biology of Trauma 311(12)
Gene Doings
312(1)
The Biochemical Brain
313(2)
The Triune Brain
315(4)
The Neurophysiology of the Fight-or-Flight Response
319(1)
Concluding Biological Reflections
320(3)
Notes 323(16)
References 339(36)
Index 375

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