Frame Work : Culture, Storytelling, and College Writing

by ; ;
Edition: 1st
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 1997-01-15
Publisher(s): Bedford/St. Martin's
List Price: $78.10

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Summary

The first writing text to combine a process-oriented, revision-centered approach with the current thinking on the impact culture has on writing. Designed specifically for students who have struggled under traditional methods, it enlists the power of stories to enable beginning college writers to move successfully into the academic world.

Author Biography

GARY COLOMBO is chair of English and ESL at Los Angeles City College. He has served as curriculum coordinator of the Academic Advancement Program at the University of California, Los Angeles. With Bonnie Lisle and Robert Cullen, he is the editor of a best-selling composition reader, Rereading America: Cultural Contexts for Critical Thinking and Writing, Fourth Edition (Bedford Books, 1998).

BONNIE LISLE teaches in the UCLA Writing Programs, where she has specialized in creating curricula for developmental and multiethnic writing courses. Winner of a distinguished teaching award, she cofounded and directed the Community Educator Project, a pilot program for first-year minority students interested in teaching careers. Currently she is coordinating the first-year intensive program in writing at UCLA. She has also worked with faculty and TA groups at UCLA and other campuses to develop more ethnic- and gender-inclusive curricula.

SANDRA MANO teaches in the UCLA Writing Programs, where she has developed teacher training curricula and served as TA coordinator. Specializing in developing and teaching multiethnic writing courses, she has written, with Bonnie Lisle, "Envisioning a Multi-Cultural Rhetoric" for Teaching in the Multiethnic Classroom and has edited, with Barbara Rico, American Mosaic, Second Edition.

Table of Contents

Preface for Instructors iii
Introduction for Students vii
PART ONE The Power of Stories 1(112)
Discovering Stories
3(32)
Writing as Storytelling
4(2)
Optional Activities: Exploring Stories
6(1)
Stories, Meaning, and Memory
6(3)
Beverly Donofrio, Trouble
9(6)
Active Reading: Keeping a Reading Journal
15(3)
Journal Options: Responding to ``Trouble''
17(1)
Cultural Stories: Story Frames and Scripts
18(13)
Leslie Marmon Silko, Language and Literature from a Pueblo Indian Perspective
21(10)
Journal Option: Cultural Roots
31(1)
Active Reading: Taking Notes
31(4)
Dialoguing
32(1)
Glossing
32(1)
Translating
33(1)
Optional Activity: Collaborative Note-taking
34(1)
Shaping Stories
35(28)
Family Stories and Identity
35(15)
David Mura, Family Stories
37(5)
Phyllis Barber, Stories
42(8)
Journal Options: People and Places from Your Past
50(1)
The Writing Process
50(4)
Pre-writing
51(1)
Composing
52(1)
Revising
52(1)
Editing
52(1)
Journal Options: Exploring Your Writing Process
52(1)
Essay Options: Family Stories
53(1)
Approaches to Prewriting
54(9)
Brainstorming
54(3)
Clustering
57(2)
Talking Draft
59(1)
Freewriting
60(1)
Drawing
60(1)
Junk Draft
61(1)
Outlines
61(1)
Journal Option: Analyzing Your Prewriting Process
62(1)
Academically Speaking: Writing for Teachers
63(33)
Telling Tales in School
63(12)
Audre Lorde, From Zami: A New Spelling of My Name
65(9)
Optional Activity: Teacher Stories
74(1)
Writing to Authority
75(7)
Reginald Lockett, How I Started Writing Poetry
76(5)
Essay Options: School Stories
81(1)
Risky Business
82(3)
Taking Risks
83(1)
Evaluating Risks
84(1)
Optional Activity: The Read Around
84(1)
Establishing Expectations: Writing for Readers or Super-Readers?
85(11)
Introductions and Expectations
86(2)
Student writing
88(2)
Kevin Mong
Cesar Rodriguez
Gabriela Nunez
Specific Details: Moving beyond Code Phrases
90(3)
Making Memories
93(1)
Optional Activities: Discovering Details
94(2)
Revision Workshop: Engaging the Reader
96(17)
Revision: Why Bother?
96(2)
Revision Case Study: Making Details Work
98(7)
D'Andra Galarza, Las Mananitas [student writing]
99(6)
Developing and Focusing a Draft
105(5)
Optional Activity: Sample Revision for Discussion
107(1)
[Student writing Yolanda Davis]
107(3)
Responding to Another Writer's Draft
110(1)
Revising Your Draft: Focus and Details
111(2)
Focusing
111(1)
Developing Details
112(1)
Journal Option: Evaluating Your Writing Process
112(1)
PART TWO How Stories Shape Us 113(106)
Cultural Collisions
115(28)
Prisoners of Memory
115(7)
Clyde Kluckhohn, Designs for Living
118(4)
Journal Options: Sampling Your Cultural Scripts
122(1)
Cultures as Interpretive Communities
122(6)
Amy Tan, Four Directions
124(4)
Journal Options: Your Culture-Clash Story
128(1)
Cultural Blindness and Stereotypes
128(15)
Philip Gambone, The Language We Use Up Here
130(12)
Journal Options: Examining Stereotypes
142(1)
Listening for Difference
143(25)
Getting to Know You
143(1)
Cross-Cultural Storytelling and Condensed Stories
144(4)
Optional Activities: Identifying Condensed Stories
147(1)
Journal Option: Retelling Stories across Cultures
147(1)
Active Listening
148(13)
Mick Fedullo, Mrs. Cassadore
149(11)
Journal Option: What Makes a Good Listener?
160(1)
Essay Options: Interviewing Others
160(1)
Successful Interviewing
161(3)
Choosing a Person to Interview
161(1)
Focusing on a Purpose
161(1)
Preparing the Questions
162(1)
Arranging the Interview
162(1)
Preparing to Tape
163(1)
Conducting the Interview
163(1)
Prewriting the Profile
164(1)
Conversational Etiquette
164(4)
Optional Activities: Exploring Conversational Etiquettes
166(2)
Academically Speaking: Investigating College Culture(s)
168(29)
What's the Story Here?
168(1)
Optional Activities: Observing College Culture
169(1)
Academic Inquiry: Getting beyond Formulas
169(6)
Robert M. Holland, Jr., Discovering the Forms of Academic Discourse
171(3)
Optional Activity: Types of Thinking in College Assignments
174(1)
Cultural Values and ``Good'' Writing
175(11)
Fan Shen, The Classroom and the Wider Culture: Identity as a Key to Learning English Composition
175(11)
Direct and Indirect Style
186(2)
Optional Activity: Trying a New Style
188(1)
Beyond the Five-Paragraph Essay
188(5)
The Classroom and the Wider Culture (five-paragraph version)
190(3)
Experimenting with Form: Parody
193(1)
Optional Activity: Five-Paragraph Parody
193(1)
Essay Options: Academic Profile
193(1)
Preparing for the Academic Profile
194(3)
Student writing
195(2)
Andrew Thanh Tran
Revision Workshop: Writing for Others
197(22)
Writing across Differences
197(1)
Optional Activity: The Reader as ``Other''
198(1)
The Need to Know: Defining and Explaining
198(4)
How Can I Explain It? Some Strategies
199(2)
Optional Activity: Working with Definitions
201(1)
Revision Case Study: Clarifying for Readers
202(2)
Student writing
202(2)
Christie Sanchez
Revising Your Draft: Expanding and Connecting
204(1)
Reader-Friendly Paragraphs: Shaping and Focusing
204(7)
Why Paragraph?
205(1)
Paragraphs and Paragraph Clusters
206(1)
Student writing
206(3)
Rodney Guerrero
Optional Activity: Playing with Paragraphs
209(1)
Student writing
209(2)
Erica Montiel
Paragraph Focus and the Myth of the Topic Sentence
211(2)
Optional Activities: Paragraph Shape and Focus
213(1)
Revision Case Study: Paragraph Focus
213(6)
Student writing
214(3)
Jasmine Yoon
Revising Your Draft: Paragraphing for Clarity and Readability
217(1)
Journal Option: Evaluating Your Writing Process
217(2)
PART THREE Framing Language 219(106)
Speech Communities
221(19)
One English or Many?
221(8)
Mother Tongues
222(4)
American Englishes
226(2)
Optional Activities: Exploring the Englishes We Speak
228(1)
What are Speech Communities?
229(11)
Student writing
229(1)
Henry Sum
Paul Roberts, Speech Communities
230(9)
Journal Options: Exploring Your Speech Communities
239(1)
Negotiating Multiplicity
240(21)
The Dream of a Common Language
240(6)
I Recognize You
243(1)
Rosario Morales
I Recognize Myself [student writing]
244(2)
Ramon Galvan
Journal Options: Fitting In or Speaking Out?
246(1)
Internalized Speech Communities: The Plural Self
246(15)
How to Tame a Wild Tongue
249(10)
Gloria Anzaldua
Journal Options: Responding to ``How to Tame a Wild Tongue''
259(1)
Essay Option: Comparing Your Speech Communities
259(2)
Academically Speaking: Audience, Language, Power
261(29)
Talking in Class: School Voice
261(4)
A.S., I Come from Everywhere [student writing]
264(1)
Journal Option: Exploring Academic Voice
265(1)
Capturing Voice in Writing
265(3)
Vocabulary
266(2)
Sentence Shape and Rhythm
268(1)
Optional Activities: Experimenting with Voice
269(1)
Virtual Realities
269(3)
Optional Activities: Identifying Virtual Readers and Writers
272(1)
Voice and Audience
272(18)
Nobody Mean More to Me than You and the Future Life of Willie Jordan
273(15)
June Jordan
Journal Options: Exploring Voice and Audience
288(1)
Essay Options: Addressing Different Audiences
288(2)
Revision Workshop: Shaping Structure, Shaping Voice
290(35)
What's the Alternative?
290(1)
Structuring Comparisons
291(15)
Taking the Journey through Speech [student writing]
293(4)
Kosuke Will Tanaka
Alternating Comparison Structure
297(3)
My Speech Communities [student writing]
300(1)
Amy Yang
Block Comparison Structure
300(6)
Revising Your Draft: Outlining as a Revision Tool
306(1)
Revision Case Study: Addressing Audience Concerns
307(10)
To Build or Not to Build? [student writing]
309(5)
Mohamed Awad
Offensive Song Lyrics Hurt [student writing]
314(2)
Kristy Rios
Optional Activities: Evaluating Voice
316(1)
Revising Your Draft: Voice
317(1)
First Things: Motivating Readers
318(2)
Student Writing
319(1)
Lisette Parra
Optional Activity: Introductions at Work
319(1)
Last Things: Crafting Conclusions
320(4)
Student Writing
321(2)
Manuel Ruiz
Optional Activities: Alternative Endings
323(1)
Revising Your Draft: Beginnings and Endings
324(1)
Journal Option: Evaluating Your Writing Process
324(1)
PART FOUR Framing Ideas: Analytic Storytelling 325(193)
Framing: Interpretation and Explanation Patterns
327(45)
Just So Stories
327(13)
Story Skeletons and Story-Fitting
331(8)
Roger C. Schank
Journal Options: Exploring Explanation Patterns
339(1)
Matters of Perspective
340(6)
The Last Word
342(4)
Judith Ortiz Cofer
Journal Option: Exploring How Perspective Shapes Stories
346(1)
Inside Explanation Patterns: If the Story Fits...
346(14)
Interpreting Barbie
348(12)
M. G. Lord
Journal Options: Evaluating Fit
360(1)
Critical Reading: Analyzing Analysis
360(5)
Reading Pictures
365(7)
The Kiss, (photograph)
366(1)
Alfred Eisenstaedt
A Kiss May Not Still Be a Kiss
367(2)
Donna Britt
Optional Activity: Interpreting Images
369(3)
Reframing: Talking Back to Official Stories
372(57)
Twice-Told Tales
372(2)
Invasion of the Body Snatchers
374(25)
The Story of Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott Revisited
378(21)
Herbert Kohl
Journal Option: Revisiting Rosa Parks
399(1)
Case Study: Stories of Discovery
399(13)
From The Discoverers: A History of Man's Search to Know His World and Himself
400(3)
Daniel J. Boorstin
Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress
403(3)
Howard Zinn
Discoveries
406(5)
Michael Dorris
Journal Option: Perspectives on Columbus
411(1)
Essay Options: Analyzing Historical Stories
411(1)
Survival of the ``Fittingest''
412(17)
The Egg and the Sperm: How Science Has Constructed a Romance Based on Stereotypical Male-Female Roles
417(11)
Emily Martin
Journal Options: Thinking Critically about Science
428(1)
Academically Speaking: Reading and Writing Academic Analysis
429(59)
Entering the Conversation
429(27)
Kochinnenako in Academe: Three Approaches to Interpreting a Keres Indian Tale
434(22)
Paula Gunn Allen
Hearing Voices: The Archaeology of Academic Texts
456(3)
Optional Activities: Exploring the Multiple Voices of Academic Analysis
458(1)
Thinking in Theory
459(23)
The Causes of Prejudice
460(11)
Elliot Aronson
Fitting Evidence to Theory
471(1)
Connecting with Theory
472(2)
Images of Power and Powerlessness
474(7)
Hilary M. Lips
Essay Options: Entering the Conversation of Ideas
481(1)
Cohesion: Story Hunger
482(6)
Optional Activity: Mapping Transitions
487(1)
Revision Workshop: Writing for an Academic Audience
488(30)
Establishing Authority in Academic Culture
488(4)
Evaluating Sources
489(2)
Optional Activity: Evaluating Authority
491(1)
Case Study: When Sources Conflict
492(8)
The Armenian Genocide: Two Dynamically Different Accounts
493(7)
Shant Kazazian
Weighing Conflicting Evidence
500(1)
Optional Activities: Reviewing Evidence and Sources
500(1)
Revising your Draft: Sources
500(1)
Developing and Supporting an Analysis
501(8)
Building on Established Knowledge
501(1)
Student writing
502(1)
John Tuan Ho
Challenging Prior Work
503(1)
Student writing
504(1)
Connie Chang
Acknowledging Complexity
505(1)
Student writing
505(3)
Vy Le
Optional Activity: Absolute and Qualified Language
508(1)
Revising Your Draft: Developing and Qualifying
509(1)
Can You Own an Idea? Plagiarism and Academic Culture
509(5)
Quoting Sources Skillfully
511(3)
Revising Your Draft: Quoting Text for Support
514(4)
Journal Option: Evaluating the Writing Process
515(3)
Index of Authors and Titles 518

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