Going to the Source, Volume II: Since 1865 The Bedford Reader in American History

[[VOLUME 2]]

Chapter 1: Political Terrorism during Reconstruction: Congressional Hearings and Reports on the Ku Klux Klan
Using the Source: Congressional Hearings and Reports
What Can Congressional Hearings and Reports Tell Us?
CHECKLIST: Interrogating Congressional Hearings and Reports
Source Analysis Table
The Source: Testimony and Reports from the Joint Select Committee to Inquire into the Condition of Affairs in the Late Insurrectionary States
WITNESS TESTIMONY
1. Testimony of Samuel T. Poinier, Washington, D.C., June 7, 1871
2. Testimony of D. H. Chamberlain, Washington, D.C., June 10, 1871
3. Testimony of Elias Thomson, Spartanburg, South Carolina, July 7, 1871
4. Testimony of Lucy McMillan, Spartanburg, South Carolina, July 10, 1871
5. Testimony of Mervin Givens, Spartanburg, South Carolina, July 12, 1871
COMMITTEE REPORTS
6. Majority Report of the Joint Select Committee to Inquire into the Condition of Affairs in the Late Insurrectionary States, February 19, 1872, Submitted by Luke P. Poland
7. Minority Report of the Joint Select Committee to Inquire into the Condition of Affairs in the Late Insurrectionary States, February 19, 1872, Submitted by James B. Beck
Analyzing Congressional Hearings and Reports
The Rest of the Story
To Find Out More

Chapter 2: Picturing a Western Myth: Photography and the Blackfeet Indians
Using the Source: Photographs
What Can Photographs Tell Us?
CHECKLIST: Interrogating Photographs
Source Analysis Table
The Source: Photographs of the Blackfeet at Glacier National Park and on the Reservation, 1890– 1930
COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHS FROM GLACIER NATIONAL PARK
1. “Greetings from Glacier National Park,” c. 1920
2. Great Northern Railway Calendar, 1923
3. “Blackfeet and Park Golfers,” c. 1930
4. “Spearfishing in Glacier National Park,” date unknown
5. “Two Guns White Calf Reading,” date unknown
AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN ON BLACKFEET RESERVATION IN MONTANA
6. “Old Ration Place,” date unknown
7. “Blackfeet Performance,” c. 1930
8. “Family at Sun Dance Encampment,” 1908
9. “Students with Their Harvest,” 1912
10. “Mad Plume Family Harvest,” c. 1920
11. “Blackfeet Girl at Glacier National Park Switchboard,” c. 1920
12. “Sewing Class at the Cut Bank Boarding School,” 1907
Analyzing Photographs
The Rest of the Story
To Find Out More

Chapter 3: Reading the 1894 Pullman Strike: Chicago’s Daily Papers Report the News
Using the Source: Newspaper Articles
What Can Newspaper Articles Tell Us?
CHECKLIST: Interrogating Newspaper Articles
Source Analysis Table
The Source: Chicago Newspaper Articles on the Pullman Strike, May 12, 1894– July 15, 1894
FIRST FULL DAY OF THE LOCAL PULLMAN STRIKE
1. Chicago Tribune, May 12, 1894, page 1
2. Chicago Times, May 12, 1894, page 1
FOURTH DAY OF THE LOCAL PULLMAN STRIKE
3. Chicago Tribune, May 15, 1894, page 8
4. Chicago Times, May 15, 1894, page 1
FIRST DAY OF THE NATIONAL ARU BOYCOTT OF PULLMAN CARS
5. Chicago Tribune, June 26, 1894, page 8
6. Chicago Times, June 26, 1894, page 1
THIRD DAY OF THE NATIONAL RAILWAY BOYCOTT
7. Chicago Tribune, June 28, 1894, page 1
8. Chicago Times, June 28, 1894, page 1
SIXTH DAY OF THE NATIONAL RAILWAY BOYCOTT
9. Chicago Tribune, July 1, 1894, page 1
10. Chicago Times, July 1, 1894, page 1
FEDERAL TROOPS HAD BEEN IN CHICAGO FOR THREE DAYS
11. Chicago Tribune, July 7, 1894, page 1
12. Chicago Times, July 7, 1894, page 1
THE STRIKE DRAWS TO A CLOSE
13. Chicago Tribune, July 15, 1894, page 1
14. Chicago Times, July 15, 1894, page 1
Analyzing Newspaper Articles
The Rest of the Story
To Find Out More

Chapter 4: Settling into Our Memories: Three Immigrant Women’s Autobiographies
Using the Source: Autobiographies
What Can Autobiographies Tell Us?
CHECKLIST: Interrogating Memoirs
Source Analysis Table
The Source: Immigrant Women’s Memoirs
1. “I Came a Stranger: The Story of a Hull-House Girl” by Hilda Satt Polacheck
2. “Out of the Shadow: A Russian Jewish Girlhood on the Lower East Side” by Rose Cohen
3. “Rosa: the Life of an Italian Immigrant” as recounted by Marie Hall Ets
Analyzing Autobiographies
The Rest of the Story
To Find Out More

Chapter 5: Selling Respectability: Advertisements in the African American Press, 1910– 1913
Using the Source: Magazine Advertisements
What Can Magazine Advertisements Tell Us?
CHECKLIST: Interrogating Advertisements
Source Analysis Table
The Source: Advertisements from The Crisis, November 1910– March 1913
HOUSING
1. Philip A. Payton, Jr., Company
2. White Rose Working Girls’ Home
3. Hotel Dale
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
4. Bussing- Wheaton Kitchen Supplies
5. Jackson Specialty Company
6. N.Y. & N.J. Industrial Exchange
7. International Realty Corporation
8. Cottman & Cottman Shipping
9. Nyanza Drug Co. & Pharmacy
10. Blackdom, New Mexico
EDUCATION AND RACE PRIDE
11. Wilberforce University
12. Daytona Educational and Industrial School for Negro Girls
13. Knoxville College
14. Provident Hospital and Training School for Colored Nurses
15. Self- Published Books on the Race Question
16. Mary White Ovington on the Race Question
17. National Negro Doll Company
BEAUTY AND FASHION
18. Solomon Garrett, Tonsorial Artist
19. Madame C. J. Walker Manufacturing Company
20. The Dunbar Company: Face Powder
Analyzing Magazine Advertisements
The Rest of the Story
To Find Out More

Chapter 6: Living under Fire: World War I Soldiers’ Diaries
Using the Source: War time Diaries
What Can Wartime Diaries Tell Us?
CHECKLIST: Interrogating Diaries
Source Analysis Table
The Source: World War I Diaries from the St. Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne Battles, September 17, 1918– November 11, 1918
1. Corporal Eugene Kennedy, Company “E,” 303rd Engineers, Seventy-eighth Division, AEF
2. Captain John M. Trible, Medical Corps, Sanitary Train, Third Infantry Division, AEF
3. Sergeant Elmer F. Straub, 150th Field Artillery, Forty-second “Rainbow” Division
Analyzing War time Diaries
The Rest of the Story
To Find Out More

Chapter 7: Singing of Struggle: Mexican Workers’ Folk Songs from the American Southwest
Using the Source: Folk Music
What Can Folk Music Tell Us?
CHECKLIST: Interrogating Song Lyrics
Source Analysis Table
The Source: Mexican Corridos, 1910– 1930
1. “An Emigrant’s Farewell” (Despedida de un norteño)
2. “Advice to the Northerners” (Consejos a los norteños)
3. “The Northerners” (Los norteños)
4. “Defense of the Emigrants” (Defensa de los norteños)
5. “Ballad of Pennsylvania” (Corrido de Pensilvania)
6. “Verses of the Beet- Field Workers” (Versos de los betabeleros)
7. “Mexicans Who Speak En glish” (Los Mexicanos que hablan ingles)
8. “Radios and Chicanos” (Radios y chicanos)
9. “The Ranch” (El rancho)
10. “Red Bandannas” (Los paños colorados)
Analyzing Folk Songs
The Rest of the Story
To Find Out More

Chapter 8: Painting a New Deal: U.S. Post Office Murals from the Great Depression
Using the Source: Public Art
What Can Public Art Tell Us?
CHECKLIST: Interrogating Public Art
Source Analysis Table
The Source: Post Office Murals Depicting “Work” in Local Communities, 1936– 1942
1. The Riveter by Ben Shahn, Bronx, New York, 1938
2. Development of the Land by Elsa Jemne, Ladysmith, Wisconsin, 1938
3. Postman in a Storm by Robert Tabor, Independence, Iowa, 1938
4. Legend of James Edward Hamilton — Barefoot Mailman by Stevan Dohanos, West Palm Beach, Florida, 1940
5. Tennessee Valley Authority by Xavier Gonzalez, Huntsville, Alabama, 1937
6. Plowshare Manufacturing by Edward Millman, Moline, Illinois, 1937
7. Sorting the Mail by Reginald Marsh, Washington, D.C., 1936
8. Mining by Michael Lenson, Mount Hope, West Virginia, 1942
9. Orange Picking by Paul Hull Julian, Fullerton, California, 1942
10. Tobacco Industry by Lee Gatch, Mullins, South Carolina, 1939
Analyzing Public Art
The Rest of the Story
To Find Out More

Chapter 9: Challenging War time Internment: Supreme Court Records from Korematsu v. United States
Using the Source: Supreme Court Records
What Can Supreme Court Records Tell Us?
CHECKLIST: Interrogating Court Documents
Source Analysis Table
The Source: Briefs and Supreme Court Opinions in Korematsu v. United States, October Term, 1944
1. Part Three of the Brief Submitted by the Solicitor General of the United States and the Department of Justice Supporting Korematsu’s Conviction
2. Brief Submitted by Wayne M. Collins, Counsel for Appellant
3. Amicus Curiae Briefs Submitted by the American Civil Liberties Union
4. Amicus Curiae Brief Submitted by the Japanese American Citizens’ League on Behalf of Fred Korematsu
5. The Opinion of the Supreme Court, Issued December 18, 1944
6. Justice Owen J. Roberts, Dissenting from the Majority
7. Justice Frank Murphy, Dissenting from the Majority
8. Justice Robert Jackson, Dissenting from the Majority
Analyzing Supreme Court Records
The Rest of the Story
To Find Out More

Chapter 10: The Cold War Heats Up: Presidential Recordings from the Cuban Missile Crisis
Using the Source: Presidential Tapes
What Can Presidential Tapes Tell Us?
CHECKLIST: Interrogating Presidential Tapes
Source Analysis Table
The Source: Presidential Tape Recordings from the Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962
1. Tuesday, October 16, 6:30 p.m. (Day One of the crisis)
2. Thursday, October 18, 11:10 a.m. (Day Three of the crisis)
3. Saturday, October 27, 10:00 a.m. (Day Twelve of the crisis)
4. Saturday, October 27, 4:00 p.m. (Day Twelve of the crisis)
Analyzing Presidential Tapes
The Rest of the Story
To Find Out More

Chapter 11: Speaking of Equality: The Senate Debate on the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Using the Source: Senate Speeches
What Can Senate Speeches Tell Us?
CHECKLIST: Interrogating Congressional Speeches
Source Analysis Table
The Source: Speeches from the Senate Debate on the Civil Rights Act of 1964
1. Majority Leader Mike Mansfield (D-Montana), February 17, 1964
2. Senator Richard Russell (D-Georgia), February 25, 1964
3. Senator John Stennis (D-Mississippi), March 10, 1964
4. Senator Hubert Humphrey (D-Minnesota), March 30, 1964
5. Senator Thomas Kuchel (R-California), March 30, 1964
6. Senator Sam Ervin (D-North Carolina), April 11, 1964
7. Senator Strom Thurmond (D-South Carolina), April 14, 1964
8. Senator James O. Eastland (D-Mississippi), April 18, 1964
9. Senator Everett Dirksen (R-Illinois), June 10, 1964
10. Senator Barry Goldwater (R-Arizona), June 18, 1964
Analyzing Senate Speeches
The Rest of the Story
To Find Out More

Chapter 12: Introducing the Seventies: Historians Explore Economic Decline
Using the Source: Introductions to Books on History
What Can Introductions Tell Us?
CHECKLIST: Interrogating Introductions to Books on History
Source Analysis Table
The Source: Introductions to Books on the Seventies
1. “Preface to Pivotal Decade: How the United States Traded Factories for Finance in the Seventies” by Judith Stein
2. “Excerpted Introduction to Stayin’ Alive: the 1970s and the Last Days of the Working Class”
by Jefferson Cowie
Analyzing Popular History
The Rest of the Story
To Find Out More

Chapter 13: Drawn to Summits: Political Cartoons on President Reagan and the Arms Race
Using the Source: Political Cartoons
What Can Political Cartoons Tell Us?
CHECKLIST: Interrogating Political Cartoons
Source Analysis Table
The Source: Political Cartoons from the Reagan Era, 1981– 1988
1. “Can’t you see I’m trying to fill a hole?” by Bill Sanders, Milwaukee Journal, 1981 299
2. “He’s got to eat to have the strength to start reducing” by Jim Mazzotta, Fort Myers News Press, 1982
3. “Surely they’ll not be so stupid as to keep on coming!” by Bob Artley, Worthington Daily Globe, 1982
4. “I’m surprised at how the president dealt with the Russians . . . ” by Walt Handelsman, Catonsville Times, 1983
5. “Go on, Yuri, make my day . . . ” by Mike Peters, Dayton Daily News, 1984
6. “Say, here comes the new blood now. . . . ” by Jack Higgins, Chicago Sun- Times, 1984
7. “The U.S. bargaining chip! The Soviet bargaining chip, chip, chip, chip!” by Chuck Asay, Colorado Springs Sun, 1985
8. “The Soviets are a bunch of rabid, murdering . . . ” by Mike Graston, Windsor Star, 1985
9. “Hey, maybe we should do this more often” by Hy Rosen, Albany Times-Union, 1985
10. Reykjavik summit destroyed by Star Wars by Jerry Fearing, St. Paul Dispatch-Pioneer Press, 1986
11. “Little Ronnie Reagan and his imaginary friend” by Mike Keefe, Denver Post, 1987
12. Reagan and Gorbachev emerging from a missile as doves by Dick Wallmeyer, Long Beach Press- Telegram, 1987
13. Evolution by Joe Majeski, Wilkes-Barre Times- Leader, 1988
Analyzing Political Cartoons
The Rest of the Story
To Find Out More

CAPSTONE: Organizing Their Lives: Women, Work, and Family, 1950– 2000
Using Multiple Sources on Women, Work, and Family, 1950– 2000
What Can Multiple Source Types Tell Us?
Source Analysis Table
The Sources: Documents on Women, Work, and Family, 1950– 2000
1. Meeting of Union of Auto, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implement Workers of America (UAW- CIO), Public debate. March 27– April 1, 1955
2. “Modern American House wife,” Letter to the editor. Ladies’ Home Journal, March 1956
3. “Women Know They Are Not Men: When Will Business Learn This Valuable Secret and Arrange Women’s Working Conditions Accordingly?” Survey report. Florida Scott- Maxwell, Ladies’ Home Journal, November 1958
4. “What’s Happening to Home Life: Marriage, Children, Retirement, All Earlier,” News analysis. U.S. News and World Report, January 24, 1958
5. American Women: Report of the President’s Commission on the Status of Women, Government report. October 1963
6. “Should Mothers Work?” Advice column. Dr. Benjamin Spock, Ladies’ Home Journal, January– February 1963
7. “Why Feminists Want Child Care,” Position paper. National Organization for Women (N.O.W.), 1969
8. Veto of the Comprehensive Child Development Act, Presidential message. President Richard M. Nixon, December 9, 1971
9. “What’s Wrong with ‘Equal Rights’ for Women?” Political newsletter. The Phyllis Schlafly Report, February 1972
10. “Parents Are People,” Children’s song. Carol Hall for Free to Be You and Me, 1972
11. Ms. Magazine Cover, Illustration. Miriam Wosk, Spring 1972
12. The Second Stage, Book. Betty Friedan, 1981
13. “Should We Expect Black Women to be Supermothers?” Magazine article. Claudia Tate, Ebony, September 1984
14. For Better or For Worse, Cartoon strip. Lynn Johnston, 1984
15. National Opinion Research Center Poll: Women, Work, and Family, Survey data. 1972– 1998
16. “The Politics of Fatigue,” Newspaper article. Richard Morin and Megan Rosenfeld, Washington Post, April 20, 1998
Analyzing Sources on Women, Work, and Family
The Rest of the Story
To Find Out More

APPENDIX I: Avoiding Plagiarism: Acknowledging the Source
APPENDIX II: Documenting the Source