Hard Road to Freedom Volume Two The Story of Black America

Hard Road to Freedom tells the story of Black Americans from its roots in Africa to the social and political upheavals of today. It narrates the story of Black people in America as an expression of one of the nation's fundamental principles, the pursuit of freedom. Interweaving the
experiences of individual Black Americans, it brings together stories formerly told separately. In vividly written chapters, Lois E. Horton and James Oliver Horton depict African Americans' central part in the creation of American civilization. Meticulously researched, Hard Road to Freedom blends
these diverse strands into a rich tapestry of African American struggle and achievement.

List of Maps
List of Special Features
Preface
Acknowledgements
About the Authors

Introduction

Chapter 8 - From Reconstruction to Jim Crow
The War's End and Lincoln's Assassination
Aid for Freed People
Black Politics and Black Politicians
Progress and White Terrorist Backlash
Emigration from the South
Legalized Racial Control
Profile: Hiram Rhoades Revels
Documenting Black America: The Reconstruction Amendments

Chapter 9- Populism, Industrial Union, and the Politics of Race
Black Labor, North and South
The Populist Party
Racial Ideology and White Violence
Two Approaches: Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois
Hard-Won Progress
The Great Migration
World War I: The Fight Abroad and at Home
Profile: Henry Ossian Flipper
Documenting Black America: Excerpt from Booker T. Washington's speech at the Atlanta Cotton States and International Exposition, September 18, 1895

Chapter 10- The Harlem Renaissance between the Wars
Politics, Black Nationalism, and Marcus Garvey
Cultural Roads to Achievement
Culture, Class Issues, and Color
Northern Urban Segregation and Political Change
Facing the New Klan
Profile: Josephine Baker
Documenting Black America: Ida B. Wells-Barnett, excerpt from Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases

Chapter 11- Depression and War
Facing Hard Times: Family, Church, and Labor Unions
Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the New Deal
Racism and the Coming of World War II
African Americans Fighting Abroad and at Home
Profile: Benjamin Oliver Davis, Sr.
Documenting Black America: Angelo Herndon, "You Cannot Kill the Working Class"

Chapter 12- The Postwar Civil Rights Movement
The United Nations, the Cold War, and Race
Speaking Out against Discrimination
Progress in Sports and Music
The NAACP Campaign
Nonviolent Direct Action for Integration
Organizing the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
Freedom Riders
Profile: Lorraine Vivian Hansberry
Documenting Black America: James Baldwin, excerpt from Notes of a Native Son

Chapter 13- From Civil Rights to Black Power
Civil Rights Gains and the Violent Backlash
The Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
Expanding Demands and Growing Violence
Black Power and the Black Panther Party
Attacking Poverty and Opposing the Vietnam War
The Disheartening Season of Assassinations
Profile: Fannie Lou Hamer
Documenting Black America: The Black Panther Party: Ten Point Platform & Program

Chapter 14-Conservatism and Race in Multicultural America
Militant Black Power, Black Manhood, and Black Feminism
Struggles for Northern Integration and Black Political Power
The Vietnam War's End and Aftermath
Facing the Politics of White Racial Resentment
Profile: Harold Washington
Documenting Black America: Jesse Jackson's 1984 Democratic National Convention Address

Chapter 15-Race-ing to the Millennium
The Politics of Race and Republican Attacks on Black Progress
Recession, War, and Rioting in Los Angeles
A Democratic President, Change, and Racial Controversies
Liberal Reforms Built on Conservative Assumptions
Class and Black Culture
Conversations on Race
Profile: John Hope Franklin
Documenting Black America: 1999 NAACP Emergency Resolution: Economic Sanctions for South Carolina

Chapter 16- Crisis at Home and War Abroad
Suppressing the Black Vote and the 1965 Voting Rights Act
The Republican Approach to Race
Crisis at Home
War in Iraq
Wartime Policy Changes at Home and Abroad
Hurricane Katrina and the Plight of African Americans
Questioning the War on Terror
The War in Popular Culture
Recession Exacerbates Racial Inequality
Profile: Colin Powell
Documenting Black America: Ta-Nehisi Coates, "The Black Family in the Age of Mass Incarceration"

Chapter 17- The Promise of a New Era
A New Era in American History
Remaking America in Troubled Times
An Exemplary First Family
The Economy and Healthcare
Unrelenting Opposition and Increasing Racial Tensions
A Black Cultural Renaissance
Conflicts in the Middle East and the Road to Re-election
Prison Reform and the Issue of Economic Inequality
The Story of Black America in Historical Perspective
Profile: Toni Morrison
Documenting Black America: President Barack Obama, Fiftieth Anniversary Speech at Selma, Alabama

Epilogue-The Legacies of the Past
The Trump Administration
The Global Pandemic
Black Lives Matter
Looking to the Future
Documenting Black America: John Lewis, "Together, You Can Redeem the Soul of Our Nation"

Appendix A: Historical Documents
Appendix B: Historical Facts and Data
Glossary
Credits
Index