This introduction to heat transfer offers advanced undergraduate and graduate engineering students a solid foundation in the subjects of conduction, convection, radiation, and phase-change, in addition to the related topic of mass transfer. A staple of engineering courses around the world for almost four decades, it has been revised and updated regularly by the authors, recognized experts in the field. The text addresses the implications, limitations, and meanings of many aspects of heat transfer, connecting the subject to its real-world applications and developing students' insight into related phenomena.
Three introductory chapters form a minicourse in heat transfer, covering all of the subjects discussed in detail in subsequent chapters. This unique and effective feature introduces heat exchangers early in the development, rather than at the end. The authors also present a novel and simplified method for dimensional analysis, and they capitalize on the similarity of natural convection and film condensation to develop these two topics in a parallel manner. Worked examples and end-of-chapter exercises appear throughout the book, along with well-drawn, illuminating figures.
John H. Lienhard IV is M. D. Anderson Professor of Technology and Culture, Emeritus, at the University of Houston.
John H. Lienhard V is Abdul Latif Jameel Professor of Water, Director of the Abdul Latif Jameel Water and Food Systems Lab, and Director, Rohsenow Kendall Heat Transfer Lab, at MIT. During his three decades on the MIT faculty, Lienhard has focused his research and educational efforts on water purification and desalination, heat and mass transfer, and thermodynamics.
Preface
I The General Problem of Heat Exchange 1
1 Introduction 3
1.1 Heat transfer
1.2 Relation of heat transfer to thermodynamics
1.3 Modes of heat transfer
1.4 A look ahead
1.5 About the end-of-chapter problems
Problems
References
2 Heat conduction concepts, thermal resistance, and the overall heat transfer coefficient
2.1 The heat conduction equation
2.2 Steady heat conduction in a slab: method
2.3 Thermal resistance and the electrical analogy
2.4 Overall heat transfer coefficient, U
2.5 Summary
Problems
References
3 Heat exchanger design
3.1 Function and configuration of heat exchangers
3.2 Evaluation of the mean temperature difference in a heat exchanger
3.3 Heat exchanger effectiveness
3.4 Heat exchanger design
Problems
References
II Analysis of Heat Conduction
4 Conduction analysis, dimensional analysis, and fin design
4.1 The well-posed problem
4.2 General solution of the heat conduction equation
4.3 Dimensional analysis
4.4 Illustrative use of dimensional analysis in a complex steady conduction problem
4.5 Fin design
Problems
References
5 Transient and multidimensional heat conduction
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Lumped-capacity solutions
5.3 Transient conduction in a one-dimensional slab
5.4 Temperature-response charts
5.5 One-term solutions
5.6 Transient heat conduction to a semi-infinite region
5.7 Steady multidimensional heat conduction
5.8 Transient multidimensional heat conduction
Problems
References
III Convective Heat Transfer
6 Laminar and turbulent boundary layers1
6.1 Some introductory ideas
6.2 Laminar incompressible boundary layer on a flat surface
6.3 The energy equation
6.4 The Prandtl number and the boundary layer thicknesses
6.5 Heat transfer coefficient for laminar, incompressible flow over a flat surface
6.6 The Reynolds-Colburn analogy
6.7 Turbulent boundary layers
6.8 Heat transfer in turbulent boundary layers
Problems
References
7 Forced convection in a variety of configurations
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Heat transfer to or from laminar flows in pipes
7.3 Turbulent pipe flow
7.4 Heat transfer surface viewed as a heat exchanger
7.5 Heat transfer coefficients for noncircular ducts
7.6 Heat transfer during cross flow over cylinders
7.7 Finding and assessing correlations for other configurations
Problems
References
8 Natural convection in single-phase fluids and during film
condensation
8.1 Scope
8.2 The nature of the problems of film condensation and of natural convection
8.3 Laminar natural convection on a vertical isothermal surface
8.4 Natural convection in other situations
8.5 Film condensation
Problems
References
9 Heat transfer in boiling and other phase-change configurations
9.1 Nukiyama’s experiment and the pool boiling curve
9.2 Nucleate boiling
9.3 Peak pool boiling heat flux
9.4 Film boiling
9.5 Minimum heat flux
9.6 Transition boiling
9.7 Other system influences
9.8 Forced convection boiling in tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507
9.9 Forced convective condensation heat transfer
9.10 Dropwise condensation
9.11 The heat pipe
Problems
References
IV Thermal Radiation Heat Transfe
10 Radiative heat transfer
10.1 The problem of radiative exchange
10.2 Kirchhoff’s law
10.3 Radiant heat exchange between two finite black bodies
10.4 Heat transfer among gray bodies
10.5 Gaseous radiation
10.6 Solar energy
Problems
References
V Mass Transfer 613
11 An introduction to mass transfer 615
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Mixture compositions and species fluxes
11.3 Fick’s law of diffusion
11.4 The equation of species conservation
11.5 Mass transfer at low rates
11.6 Simultaneous heat and mass transfer
11.7 Steady mass transfer with counterdiffusion
11.8 Mass transfer coefficients at high rates of mass transfer
11.9 Heat transfer at high mass transfer rates
11.10 Transport properties of mixtures
Problems
References
VI Appendices
A Some thermophysical properties of selected materials
References
B Units and conversion factors
References
C Nomenclature
VII Indices
Citation Index
Subject Index
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