The Middle East and Islamic World Reader

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Edition: 1st
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2003-04-04
Publisher(s): Grove Press
List Price: $19.95

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Summary

The Muslim world is tremendously rich and diverse, yet few Westerners are familiar with the writings and teachings of a culture that in recent months has come to the forefront of world events. In their insightful new anthology The Middle East and Islamic World Reader, historians Marvin E. Gettleman and Stuart Schaar have assembled a broad selection of documents and contemporary scholarship to give a view of the history of the peoples from the core Islamic lands, from the Golden Age of Islam to today. With carefully framed essays beginning each chapter and brief introductory notes accompanying over seventy readings, the anthology reveals the multifaceted societies and political systems of the Islamic world. Selections range from theological texts illuminating the differences between Shiite and Sunni Muslims, to diplomatic exchanges and state papers, to memoirs and literary works, to manifestos of Islamic radicals. The anthology spans the distance from Tunisia to India through writings by such key figures as the early Muslim historian Ibn Khaldun, Turkish founding father Kemal Ataturk, Israeli statesman David Ben-Gurion, and the Iranian revolutionary leader Ayatollah Khomeini. The readings chart the effects of the Islamic world's interactions with outsiders -- from the invasions of Central Asian nomads and Crusading Europeans in the Middle Ages, to European colonization in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries -- as well as its own internal evolution, through accounts of peasants, urban workers, and the experience of Muslim women. Wide-ranging and thought-provoking, The Middle East and Islamic World Reader is a fascinating historical survey of complex societies that -- now more than ever -- are crucial for us to understand.

Table of Contents

General Introductionp. 1
Islamic Beginnings: Revelation, State Building, and Culture
Introductionp. 5
The Quran and other Islamic Textsp. 12
Shiite and Sunni Views on Political Legitimacyp. 21
Abd al-Hassan Ali al-Mawardi, On Choosing a Caliphp. 22
Allama al-Hilli on the Shiite Imamatep. 24
Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Sina [Avicenna], The Ideal Muslim Intellectualp. 26
Rabia al-Adawiyya al-Qaysiyya, A Woman's Voice in Sufi Poetryp. 29
Abu al-Rayhum Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni, A Muslim Scholar Examines Hinduismp. 31
From the Coming of Steppe Peoples to the Age of Gunpowder Empires
Introductionp. 37
Disasters Strike the Muslim Worldp. 46
Usamah ibn-Munquidh, An Arab Perspective on the Crusadesp. 46
Rashid al-Din Fazlullah, The Mongol Conquest of Baghdadp. 48
Ahmad al-Maqrizi, The Bubonic Plague in Syria and Egyptp. 51
Abd al-Rahman ibn Khaldun, Effective Rule and Dynastic Cyclesp. 54
Shah Abbas and Emperor Jahangir Debate the Persian Conquest of Kandaharp. 58
Suraiya Faroqhi, Ottoman Women's Livesp. 62
Contradictions of Modernity: Imperialism and Social Change
Introductionp. 69
Decrees from the Ottoman Tanzimatp. 80
The Gulhane Proclamationp. 81
An Ottoman "Bill of Rights"p. 82
Social and Economic Change in the Ottoman Empirep. 84
Suraiya Faroqhi, Ottoman Peasantsp. 85
Hanna Batatu, Political Centralization in Iraq and Kurdistanp. 88
Donald Quataert, Manufacturing Workshopsp. 92
Alexander Scholch, European Trade with Palestinep. 95
Jamal al-Din al-Afghani, Plan for Islamic Unionp. 97
The Two World Wars and Their Aftermaths
Introductionp. 103
Conflicting Promises During World War Ip. 113
Sharif Husayn ibn Ali, Desire for Arab Independencep. 113
Sir Henry McMahon, Qualifying British Pledgesp. 115
The Sykes-Picot Agreement on Dividing up Arab Landsp. 116
Vahakn N. Dadrian, The Fate of the Armenians in World War Ip. 119
Challenges to New Nations: Afghanistan, Turkey, and the Fertile Crescentp. 122
Queen Soraya, The Liberation of Afghan Womenp. 123
Mustafa Kemal, Design for a Modern Secular Turkish Statep. 125
Halide Edib [Adivar], Dictatorship and Reform in Turkeyp. 127
Michel Aflaq, Purifying the National Ideal: Baath Ideologyp. 132
Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Divide India; Create Pakistanp. 135
Peter Sluglett and Marion Farouk-Sluglett, Divide and Rule in British-Controlled Iraqp. 138
Arabs and Zionists Struggle Over Palestine
Introductionp. 147
Zionism and its Early Arab Opponentsp. 165
Theodor Herzl, Zionism: The Vision of an Eventual Jewish Statep. 165
Rashid Rida, Pay Attention to Zionist Encroachmentp. 168
"Tiberias," Warning of Zionist Colonizationp. 168
The Balfour Declaration and the Mandate Periodp. 169
The Balfour Declaration: A Jewish Home in Palestinep. 170
The General Syrian Congress, Our Objections to Zionism and Western Imperialismp. 171
James Ramsay MacDonald, Letter to Chaim Weizmannp. 173
Vladimir Jabotinsky, Let Us Settle Palestine and Transjordanp. 174
Palestine on Eve of World War IIp. 176
Ted Swedenburg, The Palestinian Revolt, 1936-39p. 177
The Arab Response to the Proposed Partition of Palestinep. 182
The British Government's White Paper on Palestinep. 184
The Biltmore Programp. 186
The Creation of the State of Israelp. 188
UN General Assembly, the Partition Plan: Resolution #181p. 189
UN General Assembly, Palestinian Right of Return: Resolution #194p. 191
The Israeli Knesset, The Law of Returnp. 192
Arab Assertions: Out of Despair Revived Nationalismp. 193
Nizar Qabbani, The Catastrophe of Arab Defeatp. 194
Palestinian National Council, The National Charterp. 198
Reaching for Peace: United Nations Security Council Resolutionsp. 201
UN Resolution #242: Withdrawal from Occupied Territoryp. 201
UN Resolution #338: End the Fightingp. 203
Transformation of Palestinian Politicsp. 203
Yasir Arafat, We Recognize Israelp. 204
Hanan Mikhail-Ashrawi, The Meaning of the Intifadap. 205
Charter of the Islamic Resistance Movement of Palestine (Hamas)p. 207
The Peace Processp. 211
Principles of a Peace Agreement--Oslo, Norwayp. 212
Yitzhak Rabin, The Price of Occupationp. 214
The Taba Negotiationsp. 215
Impasse and New Intifadap. 221
King Husayn I of Jordan, Eulogy of Yitzhak Rabinp. 221
Ariel Sharon, Program for Dealing with the Palestiniansp. 222
Marwan Barghouti, Grassroots Leadership and the Second Intifadap. 225
The Arab League, Ratification of the Peace Plan Proposed by Crown Prince Abdullah ibn Abd al-Aziz of Saudi Arabiap. 228
Palestinian Intellectuals' Urgent Appeal to Stop Suicide Bombingsp. 230
George W. Bush, A New and Different Palestinian Leadershipp. 232
Geopolitics of Oil and the Cold War Conflict
Introductionp. 237
U.S. Presidential Policies, 1947-2002p. 244
The Truman Doctrinep. 245
The Eisenhower Doctrinep. 247
George H. W. Bush, The New World Orderp. 248
William J. Clinton, The Battle Against Terrorismp. 250
George W. Bush, Beyond Containment and Deterrence to Preemptive Actionp. 251
Intervention and Revolution in Iranp. 253
Muhammad Mossadeq, Nationalizing Iranian Oilp. 254
Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini, Iran in Imperialism's Clutchesp. 255
Ervand Abrahamian, Democracy or Theocracy: Iran's Islamic Republicp. 257
OPEC and the World Economyp. 262
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries: Getting Our Sharep. 262
Crown Prince Fahd ibn Abd al-Aziz, Oil and the World Economyp. 263
Wars at the End of the Twentieth Century and the Beginning of the Twenty-Firstp. 266
Joe Stork, The First Gulf War: Iran vs. Iraq, 1980-88p. 266
The United Nations and the Second Gulf War: Security Council Resolution #687p. 269
George H. W. Bush, The Second Gulf War and Kicking the Vietnam Syndromep. 271
Zbigniew Brzezinski, "Some Stirred-up Muslims": Reflections on Soviet Intervention in Afghanistanp. 273
Ideologies, Movements, and Social Trends
Introductionp. 277
Egypt and Lebanon: Secularism and Confessionalismp. 288
Jamal Abd al-Nasser, Arab Socialismp. 289
Anwar Sadat, Infitah: Opening to the Westp. 291
The Taif Agreement: Syrian Influence over Lebanonp. 293
Early Ideologues of Islamic Radicalismp. 296
Taqi al-Din Ahmad ibn Taimiyya, Against Heretical Innovationp. 297
Hasan al-Banna, Overcome Western Materialismp. 300
Sayyid Qutb, Corruptions of the Modern Worldp. 303
Modern Islamic Radicalismp. 306
Saad Eddin Ibrahim, Egypt's Islamic Militantsp. 307
Taliban Decrees about Women, Men's Beards, Children's Games, and Musicp. 310
9/11: Terrorism, War, Global Responsibility
Introductionp. 317
The Threat of Osama bin Laden and American Responsesp. 324
Jihad Against Jews and Crusaders: The 1998 Fatwap. 325
George W. Bush, Hand Over Terrorists or Share Their Fatep. 327
Congresswoman Barbara Lee, No Blank Check to President Bushp. 329
The Policy Debatep. 331
George W. Bush, Battling the Axis of Evilp. 332
Brent Scowcroft, Don't Attack Saddamp. 334
Richard A. Falk, Global Patriotismp. 337
The Historical Context: The West and Islamp. 344
Bernard Lewis, The Clash of Civilizationsp. 345
Edward W. Said, The Clash of Ignorancep. 349
Glossaryp. 355
Select Bibliographyp. 363
Indexp. 369
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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