Modern Atomic and Nuclear Physics,9789812836793

Modern Atomic and Nuclear Physics

by Yang, Fujia; Hamilton, Joseph H.

Edition: Revised

ISBN13: 9789812836793

ISBN10: 9812836799

Format: Paperback

Pub. Date: 2010-02-28

Publisher(s): World Scientific Pub Co Inc

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Summary

The book is the culmination of the authors' many years of teaching and research in atomic physics, nuclear and particle physics, and modern physics. it is also a crystallization of their intense passion and strong interest in the history of physics and The philosophy of science. The book gives students a broad perspective of the current understandings of the basic structures of matter from atoms, nucleus to leptons, quarks, and gluons along with the essential introductory quantum mechanics and special relativity. Fundamentals aside, The book retrospects the historical development and examines the challenging future directions of nuclear and particle physics. Interwoven within the content are up-to-date examples of very recent developments and future plans that show in detail how the techniques and ideas of atomic, nuclear, and particle physics have been used and are being used to solve important problems in basic and applied areas of physics, chemistry, and biology that are closely linked to The prevailing major societal problems in medicine, energy resources, new custom-made materials and environmental pollution, As well as areas that encroach the broad cultural and historical interest. The uncertain path of success and failure, opportunities seized and missed, and The axiom of probability and scientists' intuition in the unfolding human drama of scientific discovery are vividly presented. Throughout the highly perception book, readers, especially the students are encouraged to reflect on problems and ask questions.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xi
Introduction	p. 1
Theory of Relativity	p. 9
Special Relativity	p. 9
General Relativity	p. 30
Four-Vector Notation	p. 34
Problems	p. 35
The Configuration of the Atom: Rutherford's Model	p. 37
The Background	p. 37
The Emergence of the Rutherford Model	p. 44
Rutherford Scattering Formula	p. 48
The Experimental Verification of the Rutherford Formula	p. 56
Summary of the Significances and Difficulties of a Nuclear Model	p. 60
Central Forces	p. 63
Electric Units	p. 66
The Derivation of Rutherford's Formula in the Laboratory System	p. 67
Problems	p. 68
Quantum States of Atoms: The Bohr Model	p. 71
Background	p. 71
The Bohr Model	p. 83
Experimental Evidence I: Spectra	p. 90
Experimental Evidence II: Franck-Hertz Experiment	p. 98
Extension: Bohr-Sommerfeld Model	p. 104
Summary	p. 116
Problems	p. 117
Fine Structure in Atomic Spectra: Electron Spin	p. 120
Magnetic Moment Produced by the Electron Orbital Motion in an Atom	p. 121
The Stern-Gerlach Experiment	p. 126
The Hypothesis of Electron Spin	p. 130
Doublet Lines of Alkali Metals	p. 138
The Zeeman Effect	p. 145
Summary of the Hydrogen Energy Spectrum	p. 161
Summary	p. 166
Dipole Moment	p. 167
Magnetic Resonance	p. 170
Problems	p. 182
Atoms Containing Many Electrons: The Pauli Exclusion Principle	p. 184
The Spectra and Energy Levels of Helium	p. 185
The Coupling of the Two Electrons	p. 187
The Pauli Exclusion Principle	p. 192
The Periodic Table of the Elements	p. 199
Summary	p. 215
Problems	p. 216
X-Rays	p. 219
The Discovery of X-Rays and their Wave Nature	p. 219
Mechanisms for Producing X-Rays	p. 231
Compton Scattering	p. 245
The Absorption of X-Rays	p. 255
Summary	p. 268
Problems	p. 269
Introductory Quantum Mechanics I: Concepts	p. 273
The Difficulty of the Bohr Theory	p. 276
Wave-Particle Dualism	p. 276
Uncertainty Relations	p. 289
The Wavefunction and its Statistical Explanation	p. 296
Summary	p. 312
The Symmetry of the Wavefunction and the Pauli Extension Principle	p. 312
Einstein's A and B Coefficients	p. 316
Selection Rules for Transitions	p. 320
The Principles of Lasers	p. 322
Problems	p. 328
Introductory Quantum Mechanics II: The Schrödinger Equation	p. 331
Schrödinger Equation	p. 331
Average Value and Operator	p. 348
The Solution of the Schrödinger Equation of the Hydrogen Atom	p. 353
Harmonic Oscillator Solution	p. 367
Problems	p. 371
Basic Concepts of Nuclear Physics	p. 374
The Nucleus of the Atom	p. 374
Nuclear Ground State Properties	p. 382
Nuclear Ground State Spins and Moments	p. 394
Summary	p. 399
Problems	p. 400
Radioactive Decay	p. 402
Radioactive Decay Laws	p. 402
Alpha, Proton, Heavy Cluster and Spontaneous Fission Decays	p. 417
Beta Decay	p. 431
Gamma Decay, Internal Conversion and Pair Production	p. 453
Summary	p. 472
Theory of Beta Decay	p. 473
Problems	p. 485
Nuclear Forces and Nuclear Models	p. 488
Nuclear Forces	p. 488
Nuclear Models	p. 494
Toward a Unified Model Description of Nuclei	p. 525
Summary	p. 556
Problems	p. 558
Nuclear Interactions and Reactions	p. 560
Introduction to Nuclear Interactions and Reactions	p. 560
Reaction Kinematics	p. 565
Coulomb Excitation, Compound Nucleus Reactions, and Other Reactions	p. 573
Fission and Fusion: Atomic Energy Utilization	p. 585
Some Selected Applications of Nuclear Physics	p. 604
Summary	p. 619
Problems	p. 620
Hyperfine Interactions	p. 622
Introduction	p. 622
Magnetic Dipole Hyperfine Interaction	p. 624
Electric Quadrupole Hyperfine Interaction	p. 634
Isotope Shift	p. 638
Summary	p. 646
Problems	p. 647
High-Energy Physics	p. 649
Toward a Deeper Stratum	p. 649
Particle Families and Interactions	p. 659
Conservation Rules	p. 672
The Quark Model Problems	p. 704
Ion Beam Analysis	p. 707
Table of Isotopes	p. 727
The 2006 Recommended Values of the Physical Constants	p. 755
Tables of Atomic-Electron Binding Energies and X-Ray Energies and Intensities	p. 757
Index	p. 775
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.