Representative Government in Modern Europe
by Gallagher, Michael; Laver, Michael; Mair, PeterEdition: 3rd
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2000-09-12
Publisher(s): MCG
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Summary
Uniting theory and application, the third edition of Representative Government inModern Europe continues the tradition of previous editions by first examining thethemes, debates, developments and structures driving European politics, and then investigating the way in which the theories behind them are manifested, comparing the historical development, distinct interpretations and present condition of several major European governments.A thematically arranged text which introduces readers to current debates among those who analyze European politics, the 3rd edition of Representation Government in Modern Europe delves into the evolution of European politics as we embark on the 21st century. Since the last edition, astonishing changes have occurred on the political scene in Europe. Democratic transformations have taken place throughout the East, along with the emergence of a strong European Union. These two topics, as well as the state of economics in the region, have dominated the previous decade in Europe and are discussed throughout the 3rd edition.
Table of Contents
1 IntroductionBackgroundOur ApproachModern ApproachPlan of CampaignModern Europe in Vital Statistics2 Constitutions, Judges, and PoliticsEuropean ConstitutionsJudicial ReviewThe Appointment of JudgesJudges and Law-MakingConclusionBox 2-1: ConstitutionsBox 2-2: The Courts and Politics3 The ExecutiveThe Head of StateThe Prime MinisterThe CabinetThe Making and Breaking of GovernmentsPutting it all TogetherBox 3-1: Executives and Heads of State4 ParliamentsParliaments and GovernmentsThe Roles of ParliamentsParliaments and PartiesParliamentarians and Constituency RepresentationEuropean Parliaments: One Chamber or Two?The Significance of Parliaments: An AssessmentBox 4-1: The Power of Parliament5 The European Union and Representative Government The Development of European UnityHow the European Union WorksWhat does the European Union do?The European Union: Intergovernmental or Supranational Organization?The Future of the European UnionRepresentative Government in the European UnionBox 5-1: The European Union6 Levels of GovernancePoliticians and the Civil ServiceLevels of GovernanceFederal Government in Modern EuropeThe Growing Importance of Regional GovernmentLocal GovernmentConclusions: Federal Government, Local Politics and DecentralizationBox 6-1: Regional and Local Government7 Patterns in Party Politics and Party SystemsSeven Western European Party SystemsUniformity and Diversity8 Party FamiliesFamilies of the LeftFamilies of the Center and RightOther PartiesOverview: Party Families and Party SystemsBox 8-1: The LeftBox 8-2: The Center and Right9 Cleavage Structures and Electoral ChangeThe Traditional Cleavage Structures in Western EuropeThe Persistence of Cleavages and the Freezing of Party SystemsFrom Persistence to ChangeChange in European Cleavage Structures and Electoral BehaviorChange Toward What?Evaluating Change and StabilityBox 9-1: Traditional Cleavage StructuresBox 9-2: Trends in Electoral Volatility10 Inside European Political PartiesWhat do Parties Do?Basic Party OrganizationParty MembershipPower Within PartiesThe Future of European PartiesBox 10-1: Membership of Political PartiesBox 10-2: Selection of Parliamentary Candidates11 Elections, Electoral Systems, and ReferendumsElections in EuropeTypes of Electoral SystemsPlurality SystemsProportional RepresentationWhy Electoral Systems MatterReferendumsConclusionsBox 11-1: Electoral SystemsBox 11-2: The Impact of Electoral SystemsBox 11-3: The Referendum12 Building and Maintaining a GovernmentGovernment FormationTypes of Government in Modern EuropeThe Allocation of Cabinet PortfoliosThe Stability of European GovernmentsConclusionBox 12-1: Cabinet TypesBox 12-2: Government Stability13 From Governments to Public PolicyParty Manifestos and Government Policy ProgramsRedeeming Campaign PledgesParty Government and Public SpendingBeyond Public SpendingOverall, Does Politics Make a Difference?Box 13-1: Patterns of Spending in Public Finances14 Politics Outside ParliamentCorporatismPluralismThe New Pluralism? Politics NetworksConclusionBox 14-1: Economic Policymaking15 Building Representative Government in PostCommunist EuropeThe Rules of the Game: Making New ConstitutionsParties, Voters, and Electoral AlignmentsEast vs. West, or east and west?Appendix Keeping Up with Changes in European PoliticsIndex
3 The ExecutiveThe Head of StateThe Prime MinisterThe CabinetThe Making and Breaking of GovernmentsPutting it all TogetherBox 3-1: Executives and Heads of State4 ParliamentsParliaments and GovernmentsThe Roles of ParliamentsParliaments and PartiesParliamentarians and Constituency RepresentationEuropean Parliaments: One Chamber or Two?The Significance of Parliaments: An AssessmentBox 4-1: The Power of Parliament5 The European Union and Representative Government The Development of European UnityHow the European Union WorksWhat does the European Union do?The European Union: Intergovernmental or Supranational Organization?The Future of the European UnionRepresentative Government in the European UnionBox 5-1: The European Union6 Levels of GovernancePoliticians and the Civil ServiceLevels of GovernanceFederal Government in Modern EuropeThe Growing Importance of Regional GovernmentLocal GovernmentConclusions: Federal Government, Local Politics and DecentralizationBox 6-1: Regional and Local Government7 Patterns in Party Politics and Party SystemsSeven Western European Party SystemsUniformity and Diversity8 Party FamiliesFamilies of the LeftFamilies of the Center and RightOther PartiesOverview: Party Families and Party SystemsBox 8-1: The LeftBox 8-2: The Center and Right9 Cleavage Structures and Electoral ChangeThe Traditional Cleavage Structures in Western EuropeThe Persistence of Cleavages and the Freezing of Party SystemsFrom Persistence to ChangeChange in European Cleavage Structures and Electoral BehaviorChange Toward What?Evaluating Change and StabilityBox 9-1: Traditional Cleavage StructuresBox 9-2: Trends in Electoral Volatility10 Inside European Political PartiesWhat do Parties Do?Basic Party OrganizationParty MembershipPower Within PartiesThe Future of European PartiesBox 10-1: Membership of Political PartiesBox 10-2: Selection of Parliamentary Candidates11 Elections, Electoral Systems, and ReferendumsElections in EuropeTypes of Electoral SystemsPlurality SystemsProportional RepresentationWhy Electoral Systems MatterReferendumsConclusionsBox 11-1: Electoral SystemsBox 11-2: The Impact of Electoral SystemsBox 11-3: The Referendum12 Building and Maintaining a GovernmentGovernment FormationTypes of Government in Modern EuropeThe Allocation of Cabinet PortfoliosThe Stability of European GovernmentsConclusionBox 12-1: Cabinet TypesBox 12-2: Government Stability13 From Governments to Public PolicyParty Manifestos and Government Policy ProgramsRedeeming Campaign PledgesParty Government and Public SpendingBeyond Public SpendingOverall, Does Politics Make a Difference?Box 13-1: Patterns of Spending in Public Finances14 Politics Outside ParliamentCorporatismPluralismThe New Pluralism? Politics NetworksConclusionBox 14-1: Economic Policymaking15 Building Representative Government in PostCommunist EuropeThe Rules of the Game: Making New ConstitutionsParties, Voters, and Electoral AlignmentsEast vs. West, or east and west?Appendix Keeping Up with Changes in European PoliticsIndex
5 The European Union and Representative Government The Development of European UnityHow the European Union WorksWhat does the European Union do?The European Union: Intergovernmental or Supranational Organization?The Future of the European UnionRepresentative Government in the European UnionBox 5-1: The European Union6 Levels of GovernancePoliticians and the Civil ServiceLevels of GovernanceFederal Government in Modern EuropeThe Growing Importance of Regional GovernmentLocal GovernmentConclusions: Federal Government, Local Politics and DecentralizationBox 6-1: Regional and Local Government7 Patterns in Party Politics and Party SystemsSeven Western European Party SystemsUniformity and Diversity8 Party FamiliesFamilies of the LeftFamilies of the Center and RightOther PartiesOverview: Party Families and Party SystemsBox 8-1: The LeftBox 8-2: The Center and Right9 Cleavage Structures and Electoral ChangeThe Traditional Cleavage Structures in Western EuropeThe Persistence of Cleavages and the Freezing of Party SystemsFrom Persistence to ChangeChange in European Cleavage Structures and Electoral BehaviorChange Toward What?Evaluating Change and StabilityBox 9-1: Traditional Cleavage StructuresBox 9-2: Trends in Electoral Volatility10 Inside European Political PartiesWhat do Parties Do?Basic Party OrganizationParty MembershipPower Within PartiesThe Future of European PartiesBox 10-1: Membership of Political PartiesBox 10-2: Selection of Parliamentary Candidates11 Elections, Electoral Systems, and ReferendumsElections in EuropeTypes of Electoral SystemsPlurality SystemsProportional RepresentationWhy Electoral Systems MatterReferendumsConclusionsBox 11-1: Electoral SystemsBox 11-2: The Impact of Electoral SystemsBox 11-3: The Referendum12 Building and Maintaining a GovernmentGovernment FormationTypes of Government in Modern EuropeThe Allocation of Cabinet PortfoliosThe Stability of European GovernmentsConclusionBox 12-1: Cabinet TypesBox 12-2: Government Stability13 From Governments to Public PolicyParty Manifestos and Government Policy ProgramsRedeeming Campaign PledgesParty Government and Public SpendingBeyond Public SpendingOverall, Does Politics Make a Difference?Box 13-1: Patterns of Spending in Public Finances14 Politics Outside ParliamentCorporatismPluralismThe New Pluralism? Politics NetworksConclusionBox 14-1: Economic Policymaking15 Building Representative Government in PostCommunist EuropeThe Rules of the Game: Making New ConstitutionsParties, Voters, and Electoral AlignmentsEast vs. West, or east and west?Appendix Keeping Up with Changes in European PoliticsIndex
7 Patterns in Party Politics and Party SystemsSeven Western European Party SystemsUniformity and Diversity8 Party FamiliesFamilies of the LeftFamilies of the Center and RightOther PartiesOverview: Party Families and Party SystemsBox 8-1: The LeftBox 8-2: The Center and Right9 Cleavage Structures and Electoral ChangeThe Traditional Cleavage Structures in Western EuropeThe Persistence of Cleavages and the Freezing of Party SystemsFrom Persistence to ChangeChange in European Cleavage Structures and Electoral BehaviorChange Toward What?Evaluating Change and StabilityBox 9-1: Traditional Cleavage StructuresBox 9-2: Trends in Electoral Volatility10 Inside European Political PartiesWhat do Parties Do?Basic Party OrganizationParty MembershipPower Within PartiesThe Future of European PartiesBox 10-1: Membership of Political PartiesBox 10-2: Selection of Parliamentary Candidates11 Elections, Electoral Systems, and ReferendumsElections in EuropeTypes of Electoral SystemsPlurality SystemsProportional RepresentationWhy Electoral Systems MatterReferendumsConclusionsBox 11-1: Electoral SystemsBox 11-2: The Impact of Electoral SystemsBox 11-3: The Referendum12 Building and Maintaining a GovernmentGovernment FormationTypes of Government in Modern EuropeThe Allocation of Cabinet PortfoliosThe Stability of European GovernmentsConclusionBox 12-1: Cabinet TypesBox 12-2: Government Stability13 From Governments to Public PolicyParty Manifestos and Government Policy ProgramsRedeeming Campaign PledgesParty Government and Public SpendingBeyond Public SpendingOverall, Does Politics Make a Difference?Box 13-1: Patterns of Spending in Public Finances14 Politics Outside ParliamentCorporatismPluralismThe New Pluralism? Politics NetworksConclusionBox 14-1: Economic Policymaking15 Building Representative Government in PostCommunist EuropeThe Rules of the Game: Making New ConstitutionsParties, Voters, and Electoral AlignmentsEast vs. West, or east and west?Appendix Keeping Up with Changes in European PoliticsIndex
9 Cleavage Structures and Electoral ChangeThe Traditional Cleavage Structures in Western EuropeThe Persistence of Cleavages and the Freezing of Party SystemsFrom Persistence to ChangeChange in European Cleavage Structures and Electoral BehaviorChange Toward What?Evaluating Change and StabilityBox 9-1: Traditional Cleavage StructuresBox 9-2: Trends in Electoral Volatility10 Inside European Political PartiesWhat do Parties Do?Basic Party OrganizationParty MembershipPower Within PartiesThe Future of European PartiesBox 10-1: Membership of Political PartiesBox 10-2: Selection of Parliamentary Candidates11 Elections, Electoral Systems, and ReferendumsElections in EuropeTypes of Electoral SystemsPlurality SystemsProportional RepresentationWhy Electoral Systems MatterReferendumsConclusionsBox 11-1: Electoral SystemsBox 11-2: The Impact of Electoral SystemsBox 11-3: The Referendum12 Building and Maintaining a GovernmentGovernment FormationTypes of Government in Modern EuropeThe Allocation of Cabinet PortfoliosThe Stability of European GovernmentsConclusionBox 12-1: Cabinet TypesBox 12-2: Government Stability13 From Governments to Public PolicyParty Manifestos and Government Policy ProgramsRedeeming Campaign PledgesParty Government and Public SpendingBeyond Public SpendingOverall, Does Politics Make a Difference?Box 13-1: Patterns of Spending in Public Finances14 Politics Outside ParliamentCorporatismPluralismThe New Pluralism? Politics NetworksConclusionBox 14-1: Economic Policymaking15 Building Representative Government in PostCommunist EuropeThe Rules of the Game: Making New ConstitutionsParties, Voters, and Electoral AlignmentsEast vs. West, or east and west?Appendix Keeping Up with Changes in European PoliticsIndex
11 Elections, Electoral Systems, and ReferendumsElections in EuropeTypes of Electoral SystemsPlurality SystemsProportional RepresentationWhy Electoral Systems MatterReferendumsConclusionsBox 11-1: Electoral SystemsBox 11-2: The Impact of Electoral SystemsBox 11-3: The Referendum12 Building and Maintaining a GovernmentGovernment FormationTypes of Government in Modern EuropeThe Allocation of Cabinet PortfoliosThe Stability of European GovernmentsConclusionBox 12-1: Cabinet TypesBox 12-2: Government Stability13 From Governments to Public PolicyParty Manifestos and Government Policy ProgramsRedeeming Campaign PledgesParty Government and Public SpendingBeyond Public SpendingOverall, Does Politics Make a Difference?Box 13-1: Patterns of Spending in Public Finances14 Politics Outside ParliamentCorporatismPluralismThe New Pluralism? Politics NetworksConclusionBox 14-1: Economic Policymaking15 Building Representative Government in PostCommunist EuropeThe Rules of the Game: Making New ConstitutionsParties, Voters, and Electoral AlignmentsEast vs. West, or east and west?Appendix Keeping Up with Changes in European PoliticsIndex
13 From Governments to Public PolicyParty Manifestos and Government Policy ProgramsRedeeming Campaign PledgesParty Government and Public SpendingBeyond Public SpendingOverall, Does Politics Make a Difference?Box 13-1: Patterns of Spending in Public Finances14 Politics Outside ParliamentCorporatismPluralismThe New Pluralism? Politics NetworksConclusionBox 14-1: Economic Policymaking15 Building Representative Government in PostCommunist EuropeThe Rules of the Game: Making New ConstitutionsParties, Voters, and Electoral AlignmentsEast vs. West, or east and west?Appendix Keeping Up with Changes in European PoliticsIndex
15 Building Representative Government in PostCommunist EuropeThe Rules of the Game: Making New ConstitutionsParties, Voters, and Electoral AlignmentsEast vs. West, or east and west?Appendix Keeping Up with Changes in European PoliticsIndex
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