| Explanatory Note |
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xvii | |
| PART FIVE The Maturation of Chinese Civilization and New Challenges to Chinese Tradition |
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1 | (230) |
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The Chinese Tradition in Retrospect |
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3 | (70) |
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Huang Zongxi's Critique of the Chinese Dynastic System |
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4 | (14) |
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Waiting for the Dawn: A Plan for the Prince |
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6 | (12) |
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Lu Liuliang's Radical Orthodoxy |
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18 | (8) |
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Commentaries on the Four Books |
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19 | (7) |
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Late Confucian Scholarship: Wang Fuzhi |
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26 | (9) |
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28 | (1) |
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Wang's ``Revision'' of Orthodox Neo-Confucianism |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (2) |
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The Justification of Social and Cultural Divisions |
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32 | (2) |
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The Preservation of Chinese Political and Cultural Integrity |
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34 | (1) |
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Gu Yanwu, Beacon of Qing Scholarship |
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35 | (6) |
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Tru Learning: Broad Knowledge and a Sense of Shame |
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36 | (2) |
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Preface to Record of the Search for Antiquities |
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38 | (1) |
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On the Concentration of Authority at Court |
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38 | (1) |
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On Bureaucratic Local Administration, ca. 1660 |
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39 | (2) |
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The Han Learning and Text Criticism |
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41 | (25) |
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Dai Zhen and Zhang Xuecheng |
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44 | (1) |
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Dai Zhen's Text-Critical Moral Philosophy |
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44 | (2) |
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Letter in Shi Zhongming Concerning Scholarship |
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46 | (2) |
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Letter in Reply to Advanced Scholar Peng Yunchu |
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48 | (4) |
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Zhang Xuecheng's Philosophy of History |
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52 | (1) |
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``Virtue in the Historian'' |
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53 | (2) |
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55 | (2) |
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57 | (3) |
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Cui Shu and the Critical Spirit |
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60 | (1) |
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Foreword to the Essentials of the Record of Beliefs Investigated |
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61 | (2) |
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Han Learning and Western Learning |
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63 | (3) |
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The Qing Version of Neo-Confucian Orthodoxy |
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66 | (7) |
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Village Lectures and the Sacred Edict |
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70 | (1) |
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71 | (2) |
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Popular Values and Beliefs |
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73 | (69) |
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74 | (44) |
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75 | (1) |
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A Procession on the Birthday of the Sanzong God |
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76 | (3) |
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The Great Sai Ritual of Zhangzi County, Shanxi |
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79 | (2) |
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The Refining Fire Ritual of Shenze Village, Zhejiang |
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81 | (5) |
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The Attack on Hell, a Popular Funeral Ritual |
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86 | (6) |
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92 | (3) |
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Mulian Rescues His Mother |
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95 | (10) |
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105 | (13) |
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118 | (15) |
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118 | (1) |
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``Woman Huang Explicates the Diamond Sutra'' |
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118 | (4) |
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122 | (2) |
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124 | (1) |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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The Precious Scroll [Baojuan] on the Lord of the Stove |
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126 | (7) |
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133 | (9) |
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134 | (1) |
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The True Scripture of the Great Emperor |
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135 | (3) |
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138 | (1) |
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Selections from The Twenty-four Exemplars of Filial Piety |
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138 | (4) |
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Chinese Responses to Early Christian Contacts |
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142 | (13) |
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Li Zhizao: Preface to The True Meaning of the Lord of Heaven |
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144 | (3) |
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Xu Guangqi: A Memorial in Defense of the [Western] Teaching |
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147 | (3) |
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Yang Guangxian's Critique of Christianity |
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150 | (2) |
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Yang Guangxian: I Cannot Do Otherwise (Budeyi) |
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150 | (2) |
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Zhang Xingyao and the Inculturation of Christianity |
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152 | (3) |
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An Examination of the Similarities and Differences Between the Lord of Heaven Teaching [Christianity] and the Teaching of the Confucian Scholars |
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153 | (2) |
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Chinese Statecraft and the Opening of China to the West |
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155 | (58) |
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Chen Hongmou and Mid-Qing Statecraft |
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156 | (12) |
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157 | (3) |
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160 | (1) |
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161 | (1) |
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On the Duties of an Official |
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162 | (5) |
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On Governance by Local Elites |
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167 | (1) |
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Statecraft in the Grain Trade and Government-Controlled Brokerages |
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168 | (4) |
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A Memorial on Grain Prices, the Grain Trade, and Government-Controlled Brokerages |
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169 | (3) |
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Hong Liangji: On Imperial Malfeasance and China's Population Problem |
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172 | (7) |
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Letter to Prince Cheng Earnestly Discussing the Political Affairs of the Time, 1799 |
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172 | (2) |
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China's Population Problem |
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174 | (2) |
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The Deterioration of Local Government |
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176 | (2) |
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178 | (1) |
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Gong Zizhen's Reformist Vision |
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179 | (5) |
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On the Lack of Moral Fiber Among Scholar-Officials |
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180 | (1) |
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Institutional Paralysis and the Need for Reform |
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181 | (2) |
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The Scholar-Teacher and Service to a Dynasty |
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183 | (1) |
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183 | (1) |
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Wei Yuan and Confucian Practicality |
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184 | (14) |
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The Learning of Statecraft |
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184 | (1) |
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Wei Yuan: Preface to Anthology of Qing Statecraft Writings |
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185 | (1) |
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Huangchao Jingshi Wenbian |
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Criteria for Anthology of Qing Statecraft Writings |
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186 | (2) |
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Learning and the Role of Scholar-Officials |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (4) |
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192 | (2) |
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On Institutional Progress in History |
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194 | (2) |
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196 | (1) |
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On Taxation and the Merchants |
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196 | (1) |
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On Reform of the Tribute-Rice Transport System, 1825 |
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197 | (1) |
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On Reform of the Salt Monopoly |
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197 | (1) |
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The Western Intrusion Into China |
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198 | (8) |
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201 | (1) |
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Letter to the English Ruler |
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202 | (3) |
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Letter to Wu Zixu on the Need for Western Guns and Ships |
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205 | (1) |
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206 | (7) |
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Preface to Military History of the Qing Dynasty |
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207 | (2) |
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Preface to Illustrated Gazetteer of the Maritime Countries |
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209 | (4) |
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The Heavenly Kingdom of the Taipings |
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213 | (18) |
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The Book of Heavenly Commandments |
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218 | (3) |
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221 | (2) |
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The Taiping Economic Program |
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223 | (8) |
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The Principles of the Heavenly Nature |
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226 | (5) |
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| PART SIX Reform and Revolution |
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231 | (252) |
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Moderate Reform and the Self-Strengthening Movement |
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233 | (17) |
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Feng Guifen: On the Manufacture of Foreign Weapons |
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235 | (2) |
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On the Adoption of Western Learning |
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237 | (3) |
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Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang: On Sending Young Men Abroad to Study |
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240 | (2) |
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242 | (2) |
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Zhang Zhidong: Exhortation to Learn |
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244 | (6) |
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Radical Reform at the End of the Qing |
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250 | (64) |
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251 | (3) |
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Yan Fu on Evolution and Progress |
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254 | (6) |
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256 | (4) |
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Kang Youwei and the Reform Movement |
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260 | (13) |
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266 | (1) |
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267 | (2) |
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The Need for Reforming Institutions |
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269 | (1) |
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270 | (3) |
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273 | (7) |
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Chu Chengbo: Reforming Men's Minds Comes Before Reforming Institutions |
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275 | (1) |
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Zhu Yixin: Fourth Letter in Reply to Kang Youwei |
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276 | (2) |
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Ye Dehui: The Superiority of China and Confucianism |
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278 | (2) |
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280 | (4) |
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281 | (3) |
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Reform Edict of January 29, 1901 |
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284 | (3) |
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287 | (15) |
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288 | (5) |
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``The Consciousness of Rights'' |
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293 | (2) |
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``The Concept of the Nation'' |
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295 | (3) |
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Liang Qichao and the New Press |
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298 | (2) |
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Inaugural Statement for the Eastern Times |
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300 | (2) |
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Advocates of Script Reform |
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302 | (6) |
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Song Shu: Illiteracy in China |
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303 | (1) |
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Lu Zhuangzhang's Attempt at Romanization |
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304 | (1) |
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Shen Xue's Universal Script |
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305 | (2) |
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Wang Zhao's ``Mandarin Letters'' |
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307 | (1) |
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Zhang Binglin's Revolutionary Nationalism |
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308 | (6) |
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Letter Opposing Kang Youwei's Views on Revolution |
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309 | (5) |
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The Nationalist Revolution |
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314 | (37) |
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Sun Yat-sen and the Nationalist Revolution |
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314 | (2) |
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316 | (4) |
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``The Six Principles of the People's Report'' |
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316 | (4) |
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320 | (10) |
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The Three People's Principles |
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320 | (3) |
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The Principles of Democracy |
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323 | (3) |
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326 | (2) |
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The Three Stages of Revolution |
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328 | (2) |
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Democracy and Absolutism: The Debate Over Political Tutelage |
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330 | (7) |
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Luo Longji: What Kind of Political System Do We Want? |
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331 | (3) |
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Jiang Tingfu: ``Revolution and Absolutism'' |
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334 | (2) |
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Hu Shi: ``National Reconstruction and Absolutism'' |
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336 | (1) |
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Chiang Kai-shek: Nationalism and Traditionalism |
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337 | (10) |
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Chiang Kai-shek: Essentials of the New Life Movement |
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340 | (4) |
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344 | (3) |
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Jiang Jingguo (Chiang Ching-kuo): The Republic of China in Taiwan |
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347 | (4) |
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The Evolution of Constitutional Democracy in Taiwan |
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348 | (1) |
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Implementing ``The Three People's Principles'' |
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349 | (2) |
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351 | (45) |
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The Attack on Confucianism |
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352 | (4) |
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Chen Duxiu: ``The Way of Confucius and Modern Life'' |
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353 | (3) |
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356 | (8) |
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Hu Shi: ``A Preliminary Discussion of Literary Reform'' |
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357 | (3) |
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Chen Duxiu: ``On Literary Revolution'' |
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360 | (1) |
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Hu Shi: ``Constructive Literary Revolution -- A Literature of National Speech'' |
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361 | (3) |
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The Doubting of Antiquity |
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364 | (2) |
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Gu Jiegang: Preface to Debates on Ancient History (1926) |
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364 | (2) |
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366 | (4) |
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Chen Duxiu: The True Meaning of Life |
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366 | (2) |
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368 | (2) |
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The Debate on Science and the Philosophy of Life |
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370 | (7) |
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Zhang Junmai: ``The Philosophy of Life'' |
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370 | (2) |
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Ding Wenjiang: ``Metaphysics and Science'' |
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372 | (2) |
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Wu Zhihui: ``A New Concept of the Universe and Life Based on a New Belief'' |
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374 | (1) |
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Hu Shi: Science and Philosophy of Life |
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375 | (2) |
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The Controversy Over Chinese and Western Cultures |
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377 | (12) |
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Liang Qichao: ``Travel Impressions from Europe'' |
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378 | (1) |
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Liang Shuming: Chinese Civilization vis-a-vis Eastern and Western Philosophies |
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379 | (3) |
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Reconstructing the Community |
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382 | (4) |
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Hu Shi: Our Attitude Toward Modern Western Civilization |
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386 | (1) |
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Sa Mengwu, He Bingsong, and Others: ``Declaration for Cultural Construction on a Chinese Basis'' |
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387 | (1) |
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Hu Shi: Criticism of the ``Declaration for Cultural Construction on a Chinese Basis'' |
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388 | (1) |
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Radical Critiques of Traditional Society |
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389 | (7) |
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He Zhen: ``What Women Should Know About Communism'' |
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389 | (3) |
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392 | (2) |
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Han Yi: ``Destroying the Family'' |
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394 | (2) |
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396 | (30) |
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The Seedbed of the Communist Revolution: The Peasantry and the Anarcho-Communist Movement |
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399 | (7) |
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Liu Shipei: ``Anarchist Revolution and Peasant Revolution'' |
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400 | (4) |
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Li Dazhao: The Victory of Bolshevism |
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404 | (2) |
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Mao's Revolutionary Doctrine |
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406 | (20) |
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``Report on an Investigation of the Human Peasant Movement'' |
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406 | (5) |
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``The Question of Land Redistribution'' |
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411 | (1) |
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The Chinese Revolution and the Chinese Communist Party |
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412 | (5) |
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417 | (1) |
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418 | |
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The Dictatorship of the People's Democracy |
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123 | (303) |
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426 | (24) |
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Liu Shaoqi: How to Be a Good Communist |
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427 | (5) |
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Mao Zedong: The Rectification Campaign |
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432 | (18) |
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Report of the Propaganda Bureau of the Central Committee on the Zhengfeng Reform Movement, April 1942 |
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432 | (2) |
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Wang Shiwei: ``Wild Lily'' |
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434 | (1) |
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Liu Shaoqi: ``On Inner-Party Struggle'' |
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435 | (4) |
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Mao Zedong: ``Combat Liberalism'' |
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439 | (2) |
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Mao Zedong: ``On Art and Literature'' |
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441 | (3) |
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Wang Shiwei: ``Political Leaders, Artists'' |
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444 | (2) |
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Ding Ling: ``Thoughts on March 8, 1942'' |
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446 | (4) |
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450 | (33) |
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Establishment of the People's Republic |
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450 | (8) |
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Mao Zedong: ``Learning to One Side'' |
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452 | (1) |
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Mao Zedong: ``Stalin Is Our Commander'' |
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453 | (1) |
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Guo Moruo: Ode to Stalin -- ``Long Live Stalin'' on His Seventieth Birthday, 1949 |
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454 | (1) |
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Ji Yun: ``How China Proceeds with the Task of Industrialization'' (1953) |
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455 | (1) |
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Li Fuqun: ``Report on the First Five-Year Plan for Development of the National Economy of the People's Republic of China in 1953-1957, July 5 and 6, 1955'' |
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456 | (2) |
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458 | (16) |
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Mao Zedong: ``The Question of Agricultural Cooperation, ''July 31, 1955 |
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458 | (1) |
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Mao Zedong: ``On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People'' |
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459 | (5) |
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Liu Binyan: ``A Higher Kind of Loyalty'' |
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464 | (1) |
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Intellectual Opinions from the Hundred Flowers Period |
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465 | (3) |
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Mao Zedong: Remarks at the Beidaihe Conference, August 1958 |
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468 | (1) |
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Peng Dehuai: ``Letter of Opinion'' to Mao Zedong on the Great Leap Forward, July 1959 |
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469 | (2) |
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Wu Han: ``Hai Rui Scolds the Emperor, ''June 19, 1959 |
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471 | (3) |
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474 | (9) |
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The Sixteen Points: Guidelines for the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution |
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474 | (1) |
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Quotations from Chairman Mao Zedong |
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475 | (2) |
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``What Have Song Shuo, Lu Ping, and Peng Peiyun Done in the Cultural Revolution?'' |
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477 | (1) |
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478 | (1) |
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Wang Xizhe, Li Zhengtian, Chen Yiyang, Guo Hongzhi: ``The Li Yi Zhe Poster,'' November 1974 |
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479 | (4) |
| PART SEVEN The Return to Stability and Tradition |
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483 | (102) |
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Deng's ``Modernization'' and Its Critics |
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485 | (42) |
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The Turn to Stability and Modernization |
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487 | (9) |
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Zhou Enlai: ``Report on the Work of the Government,'' delivered on January 13, 1975, at the First Session of the Fourth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China |
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487 | (1) |
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Communique of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, December 22, 1978 |
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488 | (3) |
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Yu Qiuli: ``The Relationship Between Politics and Economics'' |
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491 | (1) |
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``Uphold the Four Basic Principles, '' Speech by Deng Xiaoping, March 30, 1979 |
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492 | (1) |
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``Building Socialist Spiritual Civilization, ''Letter From Li Chang, Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, to a Member of the Party Central Committee, December 1980 |
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493 | (1) |
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Office of the CCP Dehong Dai Nationality and Qingbo Autonomous Zhou Committee: ``Several Questions in Strengthening and Perfecting the Job Responsibility Systems of Agricultural Production,'' November 7, 1980 |
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494 | (2) |
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Early Critiques of the Deng Regime |
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496 | (11) |
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Publication Statement, Beijing Spring Magazine, January 1979 |
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496 | (1) |
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Wei Jingsheng: The Fifth Modernization--Democracy, 1978 |
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497 | (3) |
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Democracy or New Dictatorship, Exploration, March 1979 |
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500 | (1) |
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Wall Poster from the April Fifth Forum |
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501 | (1) |
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Hu Ping: ``On Freedom of Speech,'' Written for His Successful 1980 Campaign to Become Beijing University's Delegate to the Haidian District People's Assembly |
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502 | (1) |
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Wang Ruoshui: ``Discussing the Question of Alienation'' |
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503 | (2) |
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Wang Ruoshui: ``In Defense of Humanism'' |
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505 | (2) |
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Assessing the New Policies |
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507 | (5) |
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Deng Xiaoping: ``Build Socialism with Chinese Characteristics'' |
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507 | (3) |
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Chen Yun: Speech Given at the Chinese Communist National Representative Conference, September 23, 1985 |
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510 | (2) |
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New Demands for Change and Democracy |
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512 | (8) |
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Fang Lizhi: Democracy, Reform, and Modernization |
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512 | (4) |
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Fang Lizhi: ``Reform and Intellectuals,'' Talk Given in 1986 |
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516 | (1) |
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Fang Lizhi: ``The Social Responsibility of Today's Intellectuals,'' Speech Given at Beijing University, November 4,1985 |
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516 | (1) |
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Li Xiaojiang: ``Awakening of Women's Consciousness'' |
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517 | (3) |
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520 | (7) |
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Wu Jiaziang: ``An Outline for Studying the New Authoritarianism,'' May 1989 |
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520 | (2) |
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Rong Jian: ``Does China Need an Authoritarian Political System in the Course of Modernization?,'' May 1989 |
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522 | (1) |
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Yan Jiaqi: ``How China Can Become Prosperous'' |
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523 | (4) |
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Twentieth-Century Christianity in China |
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527 | (18) |
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528 | (5) |
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530 | (1) |
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531 | (2) |
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533 | (3) |
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``Present-Day Religious Thought and Life in China'' |
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534 | (1) |
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Leadership and Citizenship Training |
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535 | (1) |
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536 | (4) |
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``The Present-Day Tragedy of Christianity'' |
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537 | (2) |
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``The Reformation of Christianity'' |
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539 | (1) |
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539 | (1) |
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540 | (1) |
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540 | (1) |
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Wu Jingxiong: Christianity and Chinese Tradition |
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541 | (4) |
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542 | (1) |
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``The Lotus and the Mud'' |
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543 | (2) |
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Reopening the Debate on Chinese Tradition |
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545 | (40) |
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545 | (13) |
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547 | (3) |
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Manifesto for a Reappraisal of Sinology and the Reconstruction of Chinese Culture |
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550 | (8) |
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Mou Zongsan's Confucian Philosophy |
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558 | (6) |
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The Sensitivity and Steadfastness of Humaneness (ren) |
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558 | (3) |
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Feng Youlan: ``China--An Ancient Nation with a New Mission'' |
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561 | (3) |
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The Continuing Critique of Tradition |
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564 | (21) |
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Bo Yang: ``The Ugly Chinaman'' |
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565 | (3) |
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Sun Longji: ``The Deep Structure of Chinese Culture'' |
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568 | (2) |
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Su Xiaokang and Wang Luxiang: ``River Elegy,'' a Television Documentary |
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570 | (4) |
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Li Zehou: ``A Revaluation of Confucianism'' |
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574 | (7) |
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Gu Mu: Confucianism as the Essence of Chinese Tradition |
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|
581 | (4) |
| Bibliography |
|
585 | (10) |
| Index |
|
595 | |
Other versions by this Author