Preface |
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xxv | |
Supplementary Materials |
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xxviii | |
Picture Credits |
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xxix | |
Literary Credits |
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xxxi | |
Acknowledgments |
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xxxii | |
PART ONE The Origins of the West |
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From the First Civilizations to Alexander the Great (Prehistory--300 B.C.E.) |
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Prehistory and Early Civilizations (2 Million--500 B.C.E.) |
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4 | (6) |
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The Arrival of the Human Being |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (4) |
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9 | (1) |
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Civilization and the City |
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10 | (5) |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (2) |
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14 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Breaking the Law |
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15 | (3) |
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Fathers, Women, and Children |
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17 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Skyscrapers of the Past |
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18 | (1) |
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Witnesses: All in the Family |
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19 | (1) |
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Writing, Language, and Consciousness |
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20 | (6) |
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20 | (3) |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (2) |
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Witnesses: He Who Saw Everything |
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26 | (1) |
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Sacrifice, Myth, and Conscience |
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27 | (2) |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Forms of Worship |
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29 | (3) |
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30 | (2) |
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Conclusion: The Earliest Civilizations and the Meaning of the West |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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33 | (3) |
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Politics and Power in the Bronze and Iron Ages (3500--300 B.C.E.) |
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36 | (1) |
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Kings, Queens, and Priests |
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36 | (1) |
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Witnesses: The Idea of the King |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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Witnesses: To War in Sumer, Canaan, and Assyria |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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Bronze Age Kingdoms in Egypt and Mesopotamia |
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39 | (3) |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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Bronze Age Kingdoms in the Aegean and the Near East |
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42 | (5) |
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The Arrival of the Indo-Europeans |
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43 | (1) |
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Civilizations of the Aegean and Asia Minor |
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43 | (3) |
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Near Eastern Rivalries and the End of the Bronze Age |
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46 | (1) |
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Witnesses: The Quiet Voice of Peace |
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47 | (1) |
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Iron Age Empires of the Middle East |
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47 | (7) |
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Philistines, Israelites, and Phoenicians |
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48 | (2) |
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Assyria, Babylon, and Persia |
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50 | (4) |
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Bronze and Iron Age Kingdoms in East and South Asia |
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54 | (1) |
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Heaven's Mandate in China |
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54 | (1) |
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Aryans and Emperors in India |
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55 | (1) |
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55 | (4) |
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Greece, Europe, and the West |
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57 | (2) |
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From City-State to Empire |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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Conclusion: The Contest for Empire and the Meaning of the West |
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60 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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61 | (3) |
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The New Politics of Ancient Greece (1000--300 B.C.E.) |
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The Formation of the Polis |
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64 | (9) |
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Rich and Poor in a Poor Land |
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64 | (1) |
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The Coming of the Archaic Age |
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65 | (1) |
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Council, Assembly, and Phalanx |
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66 | (3) |
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Colonization, Commerce, and Manufacturing |
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69 | (2) |
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71 | (2) |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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Witnesses: On Law and Justice, I |
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74 | (3) |
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Lawmakers of Sparta and Athens |
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75 | (2) |
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Witnesses: On Law and Justice, II |
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77 | (3) |
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Justice in the Classical Age |
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79 | (1) |
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80 | (1) |
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Private Life of the Polis |
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81 | (2) |
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The Household: Women's Place |
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81 | (2) |
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83 | (5) |
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Beyond the Household: Male Space |
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86 | (2) |
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Conclusion: The Greek Polis and the Meaning of the West |
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88 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (3) |
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Poetry, Ideas, and the Arts in Ancient Greece (800--300 B.C.E.) |
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The Birth of the Greek Gods |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Who the Gods Are |
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93 | (7) |
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98 | (2) |
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100 | (1) |
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100 | (9) |
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100 | (1) |
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Lyric Poets: Personal and Civic Lives |
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101 | (1) |
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Tragedy and Comedy: The Myth Transformed |
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102 | (2) |
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104 | (5) |
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To Know and to Love to Know |
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109 | (2) |
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Presocratic Knowers and Seekers |
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109 | (2) |
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Witnesses: Presocratic Thinkers Ponder the Nature of Reality |
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111 | (3) |
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History, Sophistry, and Oratory |
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113 | (1) |
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114 | (4) |
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Philosophers---Lovers of Wisdom |
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116 | (2) |
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Witnesses: Plato and Aristotle on the Nature of Knowing |
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118 | (1) |
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Conclusion: The Life of Reason and the Meaning of the West |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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120 | (4) |
PART TWO The Origins of the West |
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From Roman Dominion to the New Peoples of Europe (300 B.C.E.--1300 C.E.) |
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The Mediterranean World in the Hellenistic and Early Roman Eras (300--27 B.C.E.) |
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124 | (5) |
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Hellenistic Civilization and the Eastern Mediterranean |
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124 | (2) |
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The Western Mediterranean and Beyond |
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126 | (3) |
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129 | (1) |
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129 | (1) |
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Women in the Hellenistic World |
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130 | (1) |
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130 | (7) |
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131 | (2) |
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Books, Science, and Philosophy |
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133 | (4) |
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Rome: From Village to Nation |
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137 | (2) |
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137 | (1) |
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Family and Society in Early Rome |
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138 | (1) |
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Witnesses: The Irresistible Roman Advance |
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139 | (5) |
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The Organization of Power |
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141 | (2) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (2) |
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Italy, Carthage, and the West |
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144 | (2) |
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Witnesses: Defenders of the Roman Ideal |
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146 | (2) |
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147 | (1) |
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Rome: From Republic to Empire |
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148 | (4) |
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148 | (1) |
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The Last Century of the Republic |
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149 | (2) |
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151 | (1) |
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Conclusion: The Roman Sea and the Meaning of the West |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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153 | (3) |
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Society, State, and Culture in Imperial Rome (27 B.C.E.--500 C.E.) |
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156 | (1) |
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Augustus, the First Citizen |
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156 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Imperial Power in the Words of Emperor Augustus and Tacitus |
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157 | (5) |
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Emperors Good and Bad: Augustus to the Severi |
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158 | (3) |
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Inside the Imperial Monarchy |
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161 | (1) |
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Upper Classes and Other Classes |
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162 | (1) |
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162 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Family Values in Imperial Rome |
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163 | (3) |
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Wives, Mothers, and Children |
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164 | (2) |
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Witnesses: On Education and Oratory |
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166 | (2) |
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Freedmen, Slaves, and the Poor |
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167 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Lives of Slaves and Masters |
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168 | (1) |
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The Culture of Imperial Rome |
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169 | (9) |
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169 | (2) |
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A City, an Empire, a World |
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171 | (4) |
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Roman Literature in Florescence and Decay |
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175 | (3) |
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178 | (4) |
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178 | (2) |
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180 | (1) |
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181 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Crisis and Response in Late Imperial Rome |
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182 | (2) |
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Constantine's City and The City of God |
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183 | (1) |
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Conclusion: The Roman Peace and the Meaning of the West |
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184 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (3) |
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Pagans, Jews, and Christians |
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Religions of the Mediterranean World (500 B.C.E.--500 C.E.) |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Faith and Skepticism in Roman Religion |
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189 | (8) |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (3) |
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197 | (2) |
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The Jewish State under Foreign Overlords |
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197 | (2) |
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Witnesses: Jerusalem Destroyed, and Lamented |
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199 | (4) |
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The Revolts and Rabbinical Judaism |
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200 | (3) |
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203 | (5) |
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203 | (3) |
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206 | (2) |
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208 | (3) |
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208 | (2) |
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Persecutions and Controversies |
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210 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Christians to the Lions |
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211 | (4) |
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The Triumph of Christianity |
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214 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Christianity Victorious |
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215 | (1) |
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Conclusion: Roman Gods, the One God, and the Meaning of the West |
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216 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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217 | (3) |
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New Peoples of Europe and Other Peoples of the World (300--1300 C.E.) |
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The ``Triumph of Barbarism and Religion'' |
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220 | (7) |
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Newcomers from Central Asia |
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220 | (4) |
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Romanization, Invasion, and Rule |
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224 | (1) |
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225 | (2) |
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Witnesses: The Coming of the Germans |
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227 | (1) |
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Byzantium: The Enduring Empire |
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228 | (5) |
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The Eastern Empire to the Autocracy of Justinian |
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229 | (4) |
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Witnesses: The Byzantines in Charge |
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233 | (3) |
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Byzantium after Justinian |
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234 | (2) |
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Islam: From Arabian Desert to World Stage |
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236 | (1) |
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236 | (1) |
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Witnesses: The Civilization of Islam |
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236 | (5) |
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Arabic Expansion under the Caliphs |
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238 | (1) |
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239 | (1) |
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240 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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African Tribes, Cities, and Kingdoms |
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241 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Africa and Asia: Glimpses of the World beyond the West |
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241 | (10) |
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Unity and Disunity in India |
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243 | (1) |
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244 | (4) |
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American Migrations and Civilizations |
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248 | (3) |
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Conclusion: The Ancient World, its Legacy, and the Meaning of the West |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (1) |
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252 | (4) |
PART THREE The West Takes Form |
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Medieval Society, Politics, Economy, and Culture (500--1500) |
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Workers, Warriors, and Kings |
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Politics and Society in the Middle Ages (800--1500) |
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256 | (6) |
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Serfs, Peasants, and Poverty |
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256 | (2) |
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258 | (2) |
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Manor, Village, and Household |
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260 | (2) |
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262 | (3) |
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Expansion, Crisis, and Protest |
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263 | (2) |
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265 | (3) |
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Nobles, Knights, and Lords |
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266 | (2) |
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Witnesses: Vassals and Serfs |
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268 | (3) |
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Courts and Courtly Culture |
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270 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Noblewomen as Mothers and Lovers |
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271 | (5) |
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Defending the Kingdoms and the Faith |
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272 | (4) |
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276 | (4) |
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276 | (1) |
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France: The Patient Capetians |
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277 | (1) |
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England: The Heritage of Conquest |
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278 | (2) |
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280 | (4) |
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The Empire: Two Romes in Conflict |
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280 | (2) |
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The European Core and Periphery |
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282 | (2) |
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Conclusion: Power, Privilege, Protest, and the Meaning of the West |
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284 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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285 | (3) |
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Religion and Culture in the Middle Ages (500--1500) |
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288 | (8) |
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Origins of Christian Asceticism |
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288 | (2) |
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Monasticism and the Christian Mission |
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290 | (4) |
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Monastic Reform and Transformation |
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294 | (2) |
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Witnesses: Monastic Life and Mendicant Spirituality |
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296 | (1) |
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297 | (4) |
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Popes and Kings: The Era of Cooperation |
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298 | (1) |
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298 | (3) |
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301 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Papal Supremacy, Clerical Reform, and Conciliar Resistance |
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301 | (4) |
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304 | (1) |
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The Church and the People |
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305 | (4) |
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The Pattern of Christian Life |
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305 | (4) |
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309 | (4) |
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309 | (4) |
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313 | (4) |
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313 | (2) |
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The Age of Faith and Reason |
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315 | (2) |
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Witnesses: Schools and Scholars |
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317 | (1) |
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317 | (1) |
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Conclusion: The Medieval Church and the Meaning of the West |
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318 | (1) |
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319 | (1) |
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319 | (3) |
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Cities, Merchants, and Trade in the Middle Ages (1000--1500) |
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322 | (3) |
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Economic Crisis and Recovery |
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322 | (2) |
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324 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Wandering Merchants |
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325 | (1) |
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325 | (1) |
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326 | (6) |
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Urban Decline and Revival |
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327 | (4) |
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331 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Town Statutes and Troubles |
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332 | (4) |
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Urban Revolution in Northern Italy |
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333 | (3) |
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Artisans and Entrepreneurs |
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336 | (3) |
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Medieval Industry: Textiles, Mining, and Shipbuilding |
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338 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Commercial Contracts |
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339 | (6) |
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Guilds and their Functions |
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340 | (2) |
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342 | (3) |
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345 | (2) |
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Italy and the Old World Commercial System |
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346 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Faraway Places |
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347 | (3) |
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348 | (2) |
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Witnesses: How and How Not to Succeed in Business |
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350 | (1) |
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Conclusion: Merchants, Money, and the Meaning of the West |
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351 | (1) |
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352 | (1) |
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352 | (4) |
PART FOUR The West Expands |
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The Self, the State, the World (1200--1750) |
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Public and Private Life in the Late Medieval Cities (1200--1500) |
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356 | (6) |
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356 | (6) |
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Witnesses: The Splendors of Florence and Venice |
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362 | (2) |
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362 | (2) |
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364 | (1) |
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Foreigners, Friends, and Outcasts |
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364 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Jews and Medieval Cities |
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365 | (6) |
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367 | (2) |
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369 | (1) |
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369 | (2) |
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371 | (1) |
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Witnesses: The Assault of the Plague |
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372 | (3) |
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Marrying for Love and Money |
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372 | (3) |
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375 | (2) |
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Childbirth and Childrearing |
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376 | (1) |
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377 | (5) |
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377 | (3) |
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380 | (1) |
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Christine de Pisan and the City of Ladies |
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380 | (1) |
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381 | (1) |
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Conclusion: City Life and the Meaning of the West |
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382 | (1) |
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383 | (1) |
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383 | (3) |
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The Civilization of the Italian Renaissance (1300--1550) |
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The Rebirth of Classical Antiquity |
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386 | (3) |
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387 | (1) |
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388 | (1) |
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Philosophical Dimensions of Humanism |
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389 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Defining the Self |
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389 | (3) |
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391 | (1) |
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392 | (1) |
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Italian Renaissance Settings |
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393 | (11) |
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Florence: Capital of the Renaissance |
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393 | (4) |
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Venice: ``La Serenissima'' |
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397 | (3) |
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Milan: Culture from Above |
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400 | (1) |
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Naples: Legitimacy for Kings |
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400 | (1) |
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Ferrara, Mantua, and Urbino: The Condottiere Courts |
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400 | (2) |
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Rome: Reclaiming the Ancient City |
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402 | (2) |
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Italian Renaissance Profiles |
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404 | (3) |
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404 | (2) |
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Valla and the Transformation of Values |
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406 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Women and Humanism |
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407 | (4) |
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Nogarola and the Defense of Eve |
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408 | (1) |
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Pico della Mirandola's One Truth |
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409 | (1) |
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410 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Rethinking Right and Wrong |
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411 | (1) |
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Conclusion: The Italian Renaissance and the Meaning of the West |
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412 | (1) |
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413 | (1) |
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413 | (3) |
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Protestant Reformation and Catholic Reform (1500--1650) |
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416 | (5) |
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416 | (3) |
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419 | (2) |
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421 | (2) |
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421 | (1) |
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422 | (1) |
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The Unfolding Reformation |
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423 | (2) |
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Wittenberg, Zurich, and Geneva |
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423 | (1) |
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The Progress of Protestantism |
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424 | (1) |
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Witnesses: Luther and Calvin Challenge the Church |
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425 | (4) |
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Witnesses: The Progress of Protestantism |
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429 | (2) |
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430 | (1) |
|
Protestantism and Society |
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431 | (3) |
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The Family, Sexuality, and Women |
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431 | (1) |
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432 | (1) |
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433 | (1) |
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|
434 | (5) |
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434 | (1) |
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435 | (2) |
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437 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: Catholic Reform and Revival |
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|
439 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: The Persecutions |
|
|
441 | (1) |
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|
442 | (4) |
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|
442 | (2) |
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|
444 | (2) |
|
Conclusion: The Protestant Challenge and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
446 | (1) |
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|
447 | (1) |
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|
447 | (3) |
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|
|
War and Politics in Early Modern Europe (1500--1750) |
|
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|
450 | (4) |
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|
450 | (2) |
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|
452 | (2) |
|
|
454 | (4) |
|
Wars over Faith and Turf, 1500--1648 |
|
|
454 | (3) |
|
States in Competition, 1648--1763 |
|
|
457 | (1) |
|
|
458 | (1) |
|
Spain: Religious Zeal and Royal Absolutism |
|
|
459 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: The Experience of War in Works of Shakespeare and Voltaire |
|
|
459 | (10) |
|
France: The Apogee of Absolutism |
|
|
461 | (2) |
|
England: The Sharing of Power |
|
|
463 | (4) |
|
Three New Empires: The Reshaping of Eastern Europe |
|
|
467 | (2) |
|
|
469 | (3) |
|
|
470 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: A King's Right to Rule |
|
|
472 | (1) |
|
|
472 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: A Queen's Right to Rule |
|
|
473 | (1) |
|
Roman Law and Natural Right |
|
|
473 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: The Origins of Government in the Consent of the Citizens |
|
|
474 | (2) |
|
Conclusion: Power, Resistance, and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
476 | (1) |
|
|
477 | (1) |
|
|
477 | (3) |
|
|
|
Global Voyages and Cultural Encounters (1500--1750) |
|
|
|
|
480 | (7) |
|
|
480 | (3) |
|
|
483 | (4) |
|
|
487 | (3) |
|
|
487 | (3) |
|
Witnesses: Exploration and Conquest |
|
|
490 | (7) |
|
|
493 | (2) |
|
|
495 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: New World Peoples and Customs |
|
|
497 | (5) |
|
|
499 | (3) |
|
Witnesses: Voices of Protest |
|
|
502 | (1) |
|
|
503 | (3) |
|
|
503 | (2) |
|
|
505 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: The Profits of Trade |
|
|
506 | (5) |
|
Conclusion: The Expansion of Europe and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
511 | (1) |
|
|
512 | (1) |
|
|
512 | (4) |
PART FIVE The West Expands |
|
|
Science, Enlightenment, and Revolution (1500--1900) |
|
|
|
|
|
Science, Schooling, and Thought in Early Modern Europe (1500--1780) |
|
|
|
New Heaven, New Earth: The Scientific Revolution |
|
|
516 | (2) |
|
|
516 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: Pioneers of a New Cosmology |
|
|
518 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: Science and Religion in Conflict |
|
|
520 | (6) |
|
``Man the Machine'': Exploration of the Human Body |
|
|
521 | (2) |
|
Hard Facts and Pure Reason: New Modes of Thinking |
|
|
523 | (3) |
|
Witnesses: Pioneers of New Scientific Methodologies |
|
|
526 | (2) |
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
The Lights Go On: The Enlightenment |
|
|
528 | (4) |
|
|
529 | (2) |
|
|
531 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Visions of a Just Society |
|
|
532 | (2) |
|
Other Places, Other Customs |
|
|
533 | (1) |
|
A Little Learning: Literacy and Education |
|
|
534 | (7) |
|
|
534 | (2) |
|
A Cat and a Catte: Women and Learning |
|
|
536 | (5) |
|
Witnesses: Women, Men, and Learning |
|
|
541 | (1) |
|
Halls of Reason: The Social Context |
|
|
541 | (1) |
|
Conclusion: Descartes' Dilemma and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
542 | (1) |
|
|
543 | (1) |
|
|
543 | (3) |
|
|
|
Privilege and Poverty in Early Modern Europe (1500--1780) |
|
|
|
Honorable Pursuits: The European Nobility of the Early Modern Age |
|
|
546 | (6) |
|
|
546 | (3) |
|
|
549 | (2) |
|
|
551 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Aristocratic Culture and Values |
|
|
552 | (3) |
|
New Ways with New Wealth: The Early Modern Bourgeoisie |
|
|
555 | (1) |
|
The Ranks of the Bourgeoisie |
|
|
555 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Bourgeois and Commercial Culture |
|
|
556 | (3) |
|
|
558 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Women Protest against Husbands and Predators |
|
|
559 | (3) |
|
|
560 | (2) |
|
|
562 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: The Urban Poor |
|
|
562 | (5) |
|
Field and Village: The Boundaries of Peasant Life |
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Peasants' Lives |
|
|
567 | (5) |
|
|
568 | (2) |
|
|
570 | (2) |
|
Conclusion: The Privileged, The Poor, and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
572 | (1) |
|
|
573 | (1) |
|
|
573 | (3) |
|
|
|
Revolution and its Promises in Anglo- and Latin America (1500--1880) |
|
|
|
Old and New in the New World |
|
|
576 | (3) |
|
Brazil and the Caribbean: Plantation Nations |
|
|
576 | (2) |
|
Spanish America: Mine, Hacienda, and Village |
|
|
578 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Native Laborers in Spanish America |
|
|
579 | (8) |
|
The North Atlantic Coast: The Beckoning Wilderness |
|
|
582 | (5) |
|
Witnesses: Native Removal in Anglo-America |
|
|
587 | (1) |
|
Declarations of Independence |
|
|
588 | (6) |
|
Atlantic North America: War for Independence |
|
|
588 | (3) |
|
Revolution in Haiti and Mexico |
|
|
591 | (1) |
|
Transition in Brazil and Paraguay |
|
|
592 | (1) |
|
Spanish South America: Victory at Ayacucho |
|
|
593 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: A Different Path for Spanish America |
|
|
594 | (1) |
|
|
594 | (9) |
|
The Reign of the Caudillo |
|
|
594 | (5) |
|
|
599 | (4) |
|
Witnesses: Foundations of Freedom in Anglo-America |
|
|
603 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: African Bondage in Anglo-America |
|
|
605 | (1) |
|
Conclusion: Jefferson's Promise, Lincoln's Pledge and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
606 | (1) |
|
|
607 | (1) |
|
|
607 | (3) |
|
Revolt and Reorganization in Europe |
|
|
|
From Absolute Monarchy to the Paris Commune (1750--1871) |
|
|
|
|
610 | (1) |
|
|
610 | (1) |
|
Peasant Revolts and Free Trade |
|
|
611 | (1) |
|
|
611 | (1) |
|
|
611 | (3) |
|
The Work of the National Assembly |
|
|
612 | (2) |
|
The Legislative Assembly and National Convention |
|
|
614 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: The Collapse of the Old Regime |
|
|
614 | (1) |
|
|
615 | (6) |
|
Peasants and Sans-Culottes |
|
|
615 | (3) |
|
The Culture of Revolution |
|
|
618 | (3) |
|
Witnesses: Revolution Turns Radical |
|
|
621 | (1) |
|
Reaction Sets In: The Directory |
|
|
622 | (1) |
|
|
622 | (2) |
|
|
622 | (1) |
|
|
623 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Napoleon, According to Himself and to an Enemy |
|
|
624 | (4) |
|
Napoleon and the Grande Armee |
|
|
625 | (3) |
|
The Conservative Response |
|
|
628 | (1) |
|
|
628 | (6) |
|
Revolution and Counter-Revolution 1815--48 |
|
|
629 | (5) |
|
Witnesses: The People Take Charge |
|
|
634 | (5) |
|
Toward Accommodation: 1848--1871 |
|
|
635 | (4) |
|
Conclusion: Revolution, Counter-Revolution, and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
639 | (1) |
|
|
640 | (1) |
|
|
640 | (4) |
PART SIX The West Becomes Modern |
|
|
Industrialization, Imperialism, Ideologies (1750--1914) |
|
|
|
|
|
The Industrialization of the West (1750--1914) |
|
|
|
|
644 | (2) |
|
Medieval Foundations: The Urban Grid |
|
|
644 | (1) |
|
|
645 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Buying and Selling Before the Industrial Age |
|
|
646 | (1) |
|
|
647 | (8) |
|
|
647 | (5) |
|
|
652 | (2) |
|
|
654 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: The Coming of the Machine Age |
|
|
655 | (5) |
|
|
656 | (4) |
|
|
660 | (8) |
|
|
661 | (5) |
|
The Rest of the West and the Asian Vanguard |
|
|
666 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: Catching Up in Argentina, Germany, and Russia |
|
|
668 | (4) |
|
Postponed Industrialization |
|
|
670 | (2) |
|
Conclusion: Despoiled Gardens and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
672 | (1) |
|
|
673 | (1) |
|
|
673 | (3) |
|
|
|
Western Society in an Industrial Age (1750--1914) |
|
|
|
|
676 | (1) |
|
|
676 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: The Factory Observed and Resisted |
|
|
677 | (4) |
|
|
680 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Workers' Lives |
|
|
681 | (5) |
|
|
686 | (7) |
|
|
686 | (3) |
|
Structure and Infrastructure |
|
|
689 | (2) |
|
|
691 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: Friedrich Engels' Portrait of the Industrial City |
|
|
693 | (1) |
|
|
694 | (1) |
|
|
694 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: The Two Halves at Home |
|
|
695 | (7) |
|
|
697 | (5) |
|
Conclusion: The One Half, The Other Half, and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
702 | (1) |
|
|
703 | (1) |
|
|
703 | (3) |
|
|
|
European Migration, Settlement, and Domination around the Globe (1750--1914) |
|
|
|
Lands of European Settlement: Colonial Venutures |
|
|
706 | (3) |
|
The Anglo-American Pattern: Economic and Political Innovation |
|
|
706 | (2) |
|
The Spanish-American Pattern: Racial Mixture and Persistent Autocracy |
|
|
708 | (1) |
|
Autralasia: Another Anglophone Success |
|
|
708 | (1) |
|
The Russian Empire: Russification Across Five Thousand Miles |
|
|
709 | (1) |
|
Old World Encounters: Imperialism in Asia |
|
|
709 | (5) |
|
India: A Sub-continent Subdued |
|
|
711 | (3) |
|
Witnesses: Britain's Empire in India |
|
|
714 | (3) |
|
The Philippines and East Indies: Enduring Mercantile Empires |
|
|
714 | (1) |
|
China, Korea, and Indochina: Forced Entry |
|
|
715 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: The European Arrival in East Asia |
|
|
717 | (3) |
|
Japan: Point, Counterpoint |
|
|
718 | (2) |
|
Old World Encounters: Imperialism in the Middle East and Africa |
|
|
720 | (1) |
|
The Middle East: The Last Islamic Empire |
|
|
720 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Europe in Africa and the Middle East |
|
|
721 | (5) |
|
Sub-Saharan Africa: Divided and Despoiled |
|
|
723 | (3) |
|
|
726 | (1) |
|
The Irish: Despised and Persecuted |
|
|
726 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Dominion Within: the Jews and the Irish |
|
|
727 | (4) |
|
The Jews: The Intimate Enemy |
|
|
728 | (2) |
|
The Psychology of Domination |
|
|
730 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Europe's ``Burden'' or ``Benefit''? |
|
|
731 | (1) |
|
|
732 | (4) |
|
The Global System: Money and Goods |
|
|
732 | (2) |
|
The Global System: Peoples and Culture |
|
|
734 | (2) |
|
Conclusion: The Western Imperium and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
736 | (1) |
|
|
737 | (1) |
|
|
737 | (3) |
|
|
|
European Culture from Classicism to Modernism (1780--1914) |
|
|
|
From Romanticism to Realism |
|
|
740 | (4) |
|
|
740 | (3) |
|
Realism and Disenchantment |
|
|
743 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Pioneers of Literary Style: Romanticism and Realism |
|
|
744 | (1) |
|
The Sciences and the Schools |
|
|
745 | (1) |
|
The Past as It Really Was |
|
|
745 | (1) |
|
The World as It Came to Be |
|
|
745 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Pioneers of the Intellectual Disciplines: History, Social Science, and Science |
|
|
746 | (5) |
|
|
749 | (1) |
|
|
750 | (1) |
|
|
751 | (3) |
|
Liberalism: Freedom and Rights |
|
|
751 | (2) |
|
Conservatism: Valuing Tradition |
|
|
753 | (1) |
|
Nationalism: A Sacred Purpose |
|
|
753 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Idealists and Ideologues (I) |
|
|
754 | (2) |
|
Socialism: Sharing the Wealth |
|
|
755 | (1) |
|
Marxism, Communism, Anarchism: Transfers of Power |
|
|
755 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Idealists and Ideologues (II) |
|
|
756 | (4) |
|
Feminism: Rights for Women |
|
|
758 | (2) |
|
Fin de Siecle and the Advent of the Modern |
|
|
760 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: The Fin de Siecle and the Advent of the Modern |
|
|
761 | (4) |
|
|
762 | (3) |
|
Conclusion: The Advent of the Modern and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
765 | (1) |
|
|
766 | (1) |
|
|
766 | (4) |
PART SEVEN Toward a New West |
|
|
Post-War, Post-Modern, Post-Industrial (1914--2000) |
|
|
|
|
|
The Trauma of World War I (1914--1920) |
|
|
|
|
770 | (2) |
|
Congresses, Alliances, and Conflicts |
|
|
770 | (1) |
|
|
771 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: The Onset of War |
|
|
772 | (2) |
|
|
774 | (1) |
|
|
774 | (6) |
|
|
775 | (5) |
|
Witnesses: At the Front (I) |
|
|
780 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: At the Front (II) |
|
|
781 | (9) |
|
|
782 | (2) |
|
|
784 | (1) |
|
|
785 | (3) |
|
|
788 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: Revolution in Russia |
|
|
790 | (2) |
|
|
792 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: In Search of Peace |
|
|
792 | (6) |
|
|
793 | (2) |
|
|
795 | (1) |
|
|
796 | (2) |
|
Conclusion: Global War and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
798 | (1) |
|
|
799 | (1) |
|
|
799 | (3) |
|
The Triumph of Uncertainty |
|
|
|
Cultural Innovation, Social Disruption, and Economic Collapse (1915--1945) |
|
|
|
Uncertainty in the Arts and in Thought |
|
|
802 | (7) |
|
Montage: the Disrupted Narrative |
|
|
802 | (6) |
|
Indeterminacy: the Limits of Knowledge and Action |
|
|
808 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: The World Becomes Uncertain |
|
|
809 | (2) |
|
Uncertain Boundaries: the New Women, the Shrinking Family, the Nurturant State |
|
|
811 | (2) |
|
|
811 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: Rethinking Women's Roles and Possibilities |
|
|
813 | (5) |
|
The Shrinking Family and the Nurturant State |
|
|
815 | (3) |
|
Economic Uncertainty: From Prosperity to the Breadline |
|
|
818 | (5) |
|
|
818 | (5) |
|
|
823 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Living Through the Great Depression |
|
|
823 | (5) |
|
Conclusion: Uncertain Lives and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
828 | (1) |
|
|
829 | (1) |
|
|
829 | (4) |
|
|
|
Communism, Fascism, Democracy, and the Crisis of World War II (1917--1945) |
|
|
|
Bolsheviks and Communists |
|
|
833 | (2) |
|
|
833 | (1) |
|
War Communism and the New Economic Policy |
|
|
833 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: Bolsheviks and Communists: Forging Communist Society |
|
|
835 | (3) |
|
Stalin: Gravedigger of the Revolution? |
|
|
836 | (1) |
|
|
837 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Communist Totalitarianism: Repression and Terror |
|
|
838 | (4) |
|
Socialist Realism, Soviet Realities |
|
|
840 | (2) |
|
|
842 | (3) |
|
Fascism: an Ideology for the Twentieth Century |
|
|
842 | (2) |
|
Mussolini and His Imitators |
|
|
844 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Fascism and Nazism: the Flight from Reason |
|
|
845 | (5) |
|
Imperial Japan, Imperialist Ventures |
|
|
846 | (1) |
|
Nazism: The German Form of Fascism |
|
|
846 | (4) |
|
The Second World War: Fascism Defeated |
|
|
850 | (6) |
|
The Dictatorships: Rearmament and Realignment |
|
|
850 | (2) |
|
The Democracies: Frailty and Confusion |
|
|
852 | (1) |
|
The Spanish Civil War: Rehearsal for World War |
|
|
853 | (1) |
|
|
854 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: Fighting the Second World War |
|
|
856 | (5) |
|
From Appeasement to Victory |
|
|
857 | (4) |
|
|
861 | (3) |
|
Witnesses: Final Solutions |
|
|
864 | (2) |
|
Conclusion: The Defeat of Fascism and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
866 | (1) |
|
|
867 | (1) |
|
|
867 | (3) |
|
|
|
Decolonization and Statebuilding around the Globe (1914--1990s) |
|
|
|
Fading Empires: Anti-Colonialism and Decolonization |
|
|
870 | (2) |
|
The Sun Sets on the British Empire |
|
|
870 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: Asia: Independence for India and Vietnam |
|
|
872 | (4) |
|
Reluctant Disengagement: the End of European Empires |
|
|
874 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: Africa: the Debate over Algeria |
|
|
876 | (1) |
|
New World Orders: Statebuilding in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia |
|
|
876 | (3) |
|
Statebuilding in Africa: from Village to Nation |
|
|
876 | (3) |
|
Witnesses: Africa: Post-Colonial Quandries |
|
|
879 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Africa: the Debate over South Africa |
|
|
880 | (4) |
|
Statebuilding in the Middle East: Israel, Oil, and Islam |
|
|
881 | (3) |
|
Witnesses: New Orders in the Middle East: Israel, the Palestine Liberation Organization, and Revolutionary Iran |
|
|
884 | (5) |
|
Statebuilding in Asia: Democracy, Communism, and Capitalism |
|
|
885 | (4) |
|
Witnesses: Asia: Permanent Revolution in China |
|
|
889 | (1) |
|
The Last Imperialist: The United States Abroad and At Home |
|
|
890 | (2) |
|
Good Neighbors: the United States in Latin America |
|
|
890 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: The Americas: a United States Protectorship in Cuba and the Mexican Nationalization of the Oil Industry |
|
|
892 | (10) |
|
The Domino Game: the United States in Asia |
|
|
894 | (5) |
|
The Color Line: Conflict at Home |
|
|
899 | (3) |
|
Witnesses: The Americas: Racial Equality and Racial Separatism in the United States |
|
|
902 | (2) |
|
Conclusion: The Shadows of Imperialism and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
904 | (1) |
|
|
905 | (1) |
|
|
905 | (3) |
|
|
|
From the Bomb to the Internet (1945--1990) |
|
|
|
|
908 | (3) |
|
|
908 | (3) |
|
Witnesses: The Prospects of Nuclear War: Two Reflections |
|
|
911 | (4) |
|
|
912 | (3) |
|
The Cold War on the Global Stage |
|
|
915 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: The Origins of the Cold War |
|
|
915 | (3) |
|
Witnesses: As the Cold War Ages: Two United States Presidents Discuss the Soviet Threat |
|
|
918 | (4) |
|
Armageddon Deferred: 1985--1991 |
|
|
919 | (3) |
|
Witnesses: The Breakdown of Communism and the End of the Cold War |
|
|
922 | (1) |
|
|
923 | (2) |
|
|
923 | (2) |
|
Witnesses: Culture and Politics in the 1960s |
|
|
925 | (3) |
|
|
927 | (1) |
|
Witnesses: Women and the Post-War World: Manifestos, Achievements, Promises |
|
|
928 | (8) |
|
|
933 | (3) |
|
Witnesses: Love Your Mother: The Environmentalist Movement |
|
|
936 | (4) |
|
Witnesses: The Age of Human Rights |
|
|
940 | (3) |
|
|
940 | (3) |
|
Witnesses: ...Yet the Killing Goes On |
|
|
943 | (1) |
|
Conclusion: Retreat from Armageddon and the Meaning of the West |
|
|
944 | (1) |
|
|
945 | (1) |
|
|
945 | (2) |
|
|
|
The Last Decade: Where We've Been and What May Be (The 1990s) |
|
|
|
|
947 | (1) |
|
|
947 | (1) |
|
|
948 | (1) |
|
|
949 | (1) |
|
|
950 | (1) |
|
|
951 | (1) |
|
|
952 | (2) |
|
|
954 | (1) |
|
|
955 | (1) |
|
|
956 | (1) |
|
|
957 | (1) |
|
|
957 | (1) |
|
|
958 | (1) |
|
|
959 | (1) |
Conclusion: The Past, The Future, and the Meaning of the West |
|
960 | (1) |
Suggested Readings |
|
960 | |
Glossary |
|
E-1 | |
Index |
|
E-4 | |